LE@D - Laboratório de Educação a Distância e Elearning | Artigos em revistas / Papers in journals
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- What makes school a happy place? development and validation of a measurement scale for studentsPublication . Gramaxo, Patrícia Leonor; Dias, Álvaro; Abelha, Marta; Dutschke, Georg; Seabra, FilipaIntroduction: In addition to academic results, schools are increasingly mandated with promoting student happiness, contributing to their well-being, instilling a sense of belonging, and fostering the development of social and emotional skills. Thus, it is essential to have validated instruments to assess the overall happiness of schools. This article proposes a scale that assesses school happiness, as perceived by students. Methods: Data was obtained through questionnaires administered to 2,452 students (for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), data were collected from 1,242 respondents, while a separate sample of 1,210 participated in the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The model was tested using structural equation modeling techniques. Results: The results made it possible to identify three main components: Supportive Relationships and School Climate (People), Learning Processes and School Experience (Process), Learning Environments and Inclusion (Place). Discussion: The article discusses the development and validation of an instrument that can be applied to students as one of the means of assessing a school’s general happiness level and identifying key aspects to improve to increase a school’s level of happiness. Implications for future research on happy school evaluation are discussed, since schools will now have at their disposal tools that enable them to assess a happy school from the perspective of teachers, parents, and pupils.
- Promoção da igualdade de gênero na educação com tecnologias digitais: revisão sistemáticaPublication . Mouraz, Ana; Borges, Irina; Seabra, Filipa; Vieira, Cristina PereiraEsta revisão da literatura insere-se num projeto que visa promover a igualdade de gênero por meio do desenvolvimento de competências digitais em contextos escolares de Angola, Cabo Verde e Guiné-Bissau. O estudo analisa de que modo as iniciativas de educação digital contribuem para a equidade de gênero em diferentes contextos socioculturais, articulando três dimensões inter-relacionadas: igualdade de gênero, competências digitais e práticas pedagógicas. Com base no protocolo PRISMA, a seleção sistemática resultou num corpus de 58 artigos. Os resultados mostram que o acesso, o uso crítico e a criação com tecnologias digitais são fatores centrais para promover a igualdade. Contudo, a persistência de barreiras socioculturais evidencia que o acesso, por si só, não garante a equidade de gênero.
- Professores como líderes transformacionaisPublication . Rodrigues, Elisabete; Henriques, Susana; Almeida, Ana PatríciaEste artigo surge na sequência de um estudo realizado sobre a implementação do Programa "A Aventura da Vida" nas escolas do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB) dos municípios que integram a Comunidade Intermunicipal da Região de Leiria (CIMRL). Centra-se na liderança docente como motor da mudança educativa e do impacto na capacitação e aplicação do programa, sublinhando a relevância da educação para a saúde na escola. A investigação integrou a análise dos projetos educativos dos Agrupamentos de Escolas que participaram no estudo, a análise documental dos relatórios da CIMRL e o estudo das ações de capacitação, bem como a aplicação de inquéritos por questionário. Os resultados destacam os professores como líderes transformadores, no contexto de uma estratégia educativa apoiada pela parceria entre a Fundación EDEX, a CIMRL e a Universidade Aberta. Destacam a importância da formação contínua dos docentes e o reforço dos recursos pedagógicos, evidenciando-se percepções positivas, práticas inovadoras e melhorias no bem-estar e nas aprendizagens dos alunos. Estas conclusões reforçam a importância de investir em programas colaborativos, práticos e fundamentados, que promovam inovação, inclusão e sucesso educativo. O Programa constitui um exemplo concreto de políticas públicas eficazes, com resultados sustentáveis, onde os professores assumem um papel central na construção de uma escola mais inclusiva, saudável e inovadora.
- Interfaces between communication, education and health: a scoping review protocolPublication . Batista, Natalia Araújo do Nascimento; Henriques, Susana; Lacerda, Juciano; Aline de Pinho Dias; Muñoz Gallego, Almudena; Abreu, Danielle Correia Neves; Clemente, Heleni Aires; Bidarra, José; Araújo, Kaline Sampaio de; Coutinho, Karilany Dantas; Sanjuán Núñez, Lucía; Romão, Manoel Honorio; Freire, Maria da Guia Cunha Dantas; Tavares, Mirian; Reis, Mônica Karina Santos; Lorite García, Nicolás; Valentim, RicardoIntroduction The interfaces between the fields of communication, education and health have been indicated by international institutions such as the WHO and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. However, hegemonic scientific practices supersede dialogue between the three fields, isolating their practices. This fragmenting tendency is observed in scientific literature, which has created gaps in the dialogue and articulation between communication, education and health. Although health promotion requires both communicative and educational practices, the epistemological, historical, political, cultural and socioeconomic aspects have also engendered tensions between the fields. Communication is often seen as a mere instrument for other practices, rather than a phenomenon that (re)produces meanings and power dynamics. In opposing the reductionist and instrumentalising perspectives of knowledge fields, the primary objective of the scoping review is to map the scientific evidence on the interfaces between communication and education in health to indicate a conceptual framework that articulates communication and education practices within the context of health. Methods and analysis A transdisciplinary team developed this protocol based on the 2024 Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The procedures required to conduct the review were guided by the frameworks proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, Levac et al and Peters et al. The study eligibility criteria were established based on the Problem, Concept and Context outlined in the research questions. Primary and secondary studies will be retrieved from nine sources, covering both conventional and grey literature. These sources include Embase, ERIC, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. A categorised form will be used for data collection and subsequent analysis. The reporting of the review findings will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Ethics and dissemination The nature of the research and the use of secondary data sources do not require informed consent forms or approval from ethics committees in Brazil. The scientific findings from the review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences and other scientific communication channels. Study registration The protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) and is available at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z3CX7.
- Permanent health education for health economics in Brazil: a forgotten facet?Publication . Romão, Manoel Honório; Paiva, Jordana Crislayne de Lima; Silva, Lorena de Macêdo; Oliveira Junior, Elinaldo Bernardo de; Costa, João Maria Macêdo da; Felipe, Israel José dos Santos; campos, Rodrigo Pires de; Lima, Thaísa Góis Farias de Moura Santos; Rêgo, Maria Carmem F. D.; Reis, Mônica Karina Santos; Bonfim, Marilyn Anderson Alves; Valentim, Janaina Luana Rodrigues da Silva; Coutinho, Karilany Dantas; Dias, Aline de Pinho; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Pereira de; Coitinho, Karla Mônica Dantas; Batista, Natalia Araújo do Nascimento; Rocha, Marcella A. da; Aragão, Erika Santos de; Guimarães, Jane Mary de Medeiros; Henriques, Susana; Veloso, Claudia Miranda; Valentim, Ricardo Alexsandro de Medeiros; Mendes, António QuintasIntroduction: This article analyzes the presence and induction of Permanent Health Education (PHE) in Health Economics (HE) within the official documents of the Department of Health Economics and Development (DESID) of Brazil’s Ministry of Health (MoH). Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive qualitative study, grounded in the document analysis of 126 records categorized according to the elements proposed by Williams and content analysis based on Bardin’s method (2016). Results: The findings revealed a lack of programmatic, budgetary, and strategic guidelines specifically aimed at PHE in Health Economics, as well as a restricted provision of specialized courses and limited integration with public health management policies. Comparative analysis with international experiences, including the United Kingdom, Belgium, and South Africa, demonstrates that the institutionalization of HE training fosters greater efficiency, equity, sustainability, and rationality in the use of public resources. The findings suggest that continuous technical qualification in this field constitutes an essential component for strengthening Brazil’s National Health System (SUS). Discussion: In this context, there is a clear need for the formulation of government policies that stimulate, incentivize, and expand PHE in Health Economics, leveraging the potential of technological platforms such as AVASUS and the Brazil Telehealth Program, both of which possess significant reach, adherence, and engagement across the national territory.
- Professional roles and competencies in distance higher education: perspectives from professors and tutors at Universidade Aberta, PortugalPublication . Martins, Dércio; Morgado, Lina; Duart, Josep M.; Softić, Sandra KučinaThe expansion of online distance education has intensified debates about professional roles and competencies required for effective online teaching. This study examines how professors and tutors at Universidade Aberta (UAb, Portugal’s Open University) perceive and prioritise their professional roles and competencies. We employed sequential exploratory mixed-methods design: focus group analysis (n = 7) informed survey development assessing eight roles and 65 competencies via five-point Likert scales among 57 faculty (38 professors, 19 tutors). All roles were rated important (M > 4.0), with pedagogical (M = 4.68), social (M = 4.67), evaluator (M = 4.67), and adviser (M = 4.65) emerging as priorities. Professors rated pedagogical role significantly higher (M = 4.79 vs 4.47, p = 0.025), whilst tutors emphasised social (M = 4.89 vs 4.55, p = 0.034) and technologist roles (M = 4.63 vs 3.97, p = 0.004). Top competencies included assessing student work, demonstrating availability, adopting ethical posture, providing timely feedback, and being empathetic. Findings reveal convergence around core functions and meaningful differentiation between roles, suggesting complementary specialisation within dual-role systems. Implications address professional development programme design and institutional policies for recognising diverse competency requirements. HIGHLIGHTS • Sequential mixed-methods study examined role/competency perceptions among 57 distance education faculty at Portugal’s Open University. • All eight professional roles rated important (M > 4.0), with pedagogical, social, evaluator, and adviser emerging as top priorities. • Systematic differences revealed complementary specialisation: professors prioritise pedagogical design (M = 4.79), tutors prioritise social facilitation (M = 4.89, p = 0.034). • Tutors rated technologist role significantly higher (M = 4.63 vs 3.97, p = 0.004), reflecting differential technology engagement. • Findings inform differentiated professional development pathways and policies recognising diverse competency requirements.
- Empowering (e)ducators, inspiring learners: a cross-cultural exploration for interprofessional development through the lens of the Capability ApproachPublication . Gómez-Rey, P.; Maradiaga, J. R.; Fernández-Navarro, F.; Teixeira, António; Barroso-Tristán, J. M.The development of interprofessional capabilities has become a crucial strategy for addressing the multifaceted challenges of today’s increasingly interconnected and volatile workplace environment. This study examines Martha Nussbaum’s Capability Approach (CA) as a framework for cultivating key tangible outcomes - such as communication, critical reasoning, empathy, and collaboration - that are vital in the interprofessional context. Methodologically, the research adopts a quantitative approach to validate a life skills evaluation instrument and assess its effectiveness in diverse cultural settings. To achieve this, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on a dataset comprising 138 online instructors, complemented by statistical tests to identify significant cross-cultural differences in the prioritization and implementation of key skills. The main findings underscore the potential of e-learning practices, grounded in the CA framework, as a powerful tool for fostering the development of crucial capabilities essential for cultivating competent and well-rounded professional human beings. The findings of this study provided information on how to design teaching and learning for interprofessional development in the context of Pakistan, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom.
- Inteligência artificial e aprendizagem autorregulada: que desafios?Publication . Oliveira, Isolina; Pereira, Alda; Amante, Lúcia; Rocio, VitorA investigação sobre o feedback e a autorregulação da aprendizagem tem granjeado interesse com a explosão da Inteligência Artificial e os desafios que coloca à educação e, em particular, à avaliação dos estudantes. Contudo, há mais de 30 anos que se estudam esses processos para compreender como os estudantes regulam a sua própria aprendizagem ao nível motivacional, cognitivo e metacognitivo. Ao assumirem um papel proativo na geração e utilização do feedback estão a avaliar o seu próprio trabalho, o que tem implicações na forma como os professores organizam a avaliação e o apoio na aprendizagem. Este artigo elabora sobre os desafios múltiplos que se colocam à IA na avaliação digital da aprendizagem, no que respeita ao feedback e a autorregulação bem como na investigação sobre a avaliação digital. Após a discussão desses conceitos e de modelos enquadradores bem como a sua conexão com a avaliação digital conclui-se que é crucial considerar equipas multidisciplinares na investigação com IA e minimizar ou eliminar situações que podem introduzir enviesamentos em termos de género, etnias, culturas e estatutos económico ou social.
- Effectiveness of a learning pathway on food and nutrition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosisPublication . Coutinho, Karla Mônica Dantas; Rabelo, Humberto; Fernandes, Felipe; Coutinho, Karilany Dantas; Valentim, Ricardo Alexsandro de Medeiros; Dias, Aline de Pinho; Valentim, Janaína Luana Rodrigues da Silva; Batista, Natalia Araújo do Nascimento; Romão, Manoel Honorio; Cunha, Priscila Sanara da; Oliveira, Aliete Cunha; Henriques, Susana; Melo, Luciana Protásio de; Vale, Sancha Helena de Lima; Lais, Lucia Leite; Lima, Kenio Costa deBackground/Objectives: Health education plays a vital role in training health professionals and caregivers, supporting both prevention and the promotion of self-care. In this context, technology serves as a valuable ally by enabling continuous and flexible learning. Among the various domains of health education, nutrition stands out as a key element in the management of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), helping to prevent malnutrition and enhance patient well-being. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching and learning processes within a learning pathway focused on food and nutrition in the context of ALS. Methods: This study adopted a longitudinal, quantitative design. The learning pathway, titled “Food and Nutrition in ALS,” consisted of four self-paced and self-instructional Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), offered through the Virtual Learning Environment of the Brazilian Health System (AVASUS). Participants included health professionals, caregivers, and patients from all five regions of Brazil. Participants had the autonomy to complete the courses in any order, with no prerequisites for enrollment. Results: Out of 14,263 participants enrolled nationwide, 182 were included in this study after signing the Informed Consent Form. Of these, 142 (78%) completed at least one course and participated in the educational intervention. A significant increase in knowledge was observed, with mean pre-test scores rising from 7.3 (SD = 1.8) to 9.6 (SD = 0.9) on the post-test across all courses (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The self-instructional, technology-mediated continuing education model proved effective in improving participants’ knowledge about nutrition in ALS. Future studies should explore knowledge retention, behavior change, and the impact of such interventions on clinical outcomes, especially in multidisciplinary care settings.
- Selective imprisonment in Brasil: a story beyond the wallsPublication . Valentim, Janaína Luana Rodrigues da Silva; Azevedo, Bruna; Fernandes, Emily; Coutinho, Karoliny Dantas; Silva, Ronaldo; Henriques, Susana; Romão, Manoel Honório; Batista, Natalia Araújo do Nascimento; Coutinho, Karilany Dantas; Valentim, Ricardo Alexsandro de Medeiros; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Pereira de; Dias, Aline de PinhoThis article discusses the Brazilian prison system and the challenges posed by social inequality that affect the prison population, presenting a concise historical context. The work is situated within the paradoxical context of a country with a Criminal Enforcement Law (LEP) considered modern, but which maintains a selective, segregating, and punitive model of incarceration. The central objective of this study is to analyze the contrast between the humanized ideal of the Criminal Enforcement Law (LEP) and the selective and exclusionary reality of the national prison system. It seeks to substantiate the social injustices perpetrated in prisons, often through the very mechanisms of justice. Furthermore, the article aims to discuss the need for transformation of the prison system, in alignment with the principles of human rights and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The methodology of this study is qualitative and reflective in nature, delineated from a transdisciplinary approach. The narrative construction permeates a theoretical review of the legal, social, and ideological aspects of the prison system, with a dialogue between Law, Social Sciences, Public Health, and Education. The analysis included an examination of the Criminal Enforcement Law and a historical review from the Penal Code of 1830, in addition to a critical interpretation of official data and empirical studies. The results indicate institutional ineffectiveness in Brazilian prisons, operating as the last step in a systematic process of denial of rights that precedes imprisonment. It is demonstrated that overcrowding, low levels of education, and racial selectivity characterize the discrepancy between the norm and reality. However, the study highlights the potential of the Criminal Enforcement Law as an instrument for inducing humanitarian public policies. The analysis in light of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reveals that the effectiveness of the law requires integrated actions in health, education, and work, transforming the prison into a space for citizen reconstruction.