LE@D - Laboratório de Educação a Distância e Elearning | Artigos em revistas / Papers in journals
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- Alteridad y emociones en las comunidades virtuales de aprendizajePublication . Aires, Luísa; Teixeira, António; Azevedo, José; Gaspar, Ivone; Silva, SílviaEl artículo trata de un conjunto de reflexiones sobre las relaciones interpersonales y las emociones en las comunidades virtuales de aprendizaje. Los referentes teóricos se inspiran en los constructos bajtinianos de alteridad y dialogicidad y se complementan con las perspectivas de Vygotski sobre la construcción social del conocimiento y las emociones. Las relaciones interpersonales en las comunidades virtuales de aprendizaje y, sobretodo, las emociones vivenciadas en estos contextos son estudiadas en el ámbito del análisis de los discursos producidos en los foros de discusión. Los mensajes publicados y discutidos por los estudiantes y los profesores son analizados en el marco de la aplicación de metodologías cualitativas y del análisis de redes sociales. Los resultados preliminares de la investigación enfatizan la idea que, en las dos comunidades de virtuales de aprendizaje estudiadas, las relaciones interpersonales son reguladas por valores compartidos, por las emociones y los conflictos vivenciados. En este sentido, las emociones no han de estudiarse por el impacto que producen sobre el aprendizaje, sino en cuantos elementos integrados en el proceso de aprendizaje.
- Colaboração online, formação contínua de professores e TIC na sala de aula : estudo de casoPublication . Montez, Risoleta; Aires, LuísaLas TIC han transformado la vida cotidiana de los individuos, sus mentes, objetivos de vida y también la organización de la sociedad. En este contexto de cambio, se supone la existencia de un tipo de escuela con trayectorias basadas en las especificidades de la actual sociedad red. Las investigaciones desarrolladas en el ámbito de la Red de Observatorios Municipales para a Alfabetización e Inclusión Digital están demostrando que, si bien los maestros de primaria reconocen la importancia de las tecnologías digitales e Internet, estos maestros apenas usan estas tecnologías justificando su postura en la ausencia de competencias pedagógicas. Por otra parte, las lógicas de mono docencia existentes en Primaria han desarrollado culturas de aislamiento profesional que no han beneficiado las dinámicas de trabajo en red, elementos fundamentales para la promoción de la alfabetización digital. A partir de esta realidad y de la revisión teórica que hemos realizado sobre esta problemática, hemos diseñado, ofrecido y analizado un cursillo online centrado en lógicas colaborativas, para la formación de profesores de primaria, en el distrito de Santarém, Portugal.
- Contributos para uma pedagogia do ensino online pós-graduado : proposta de um modeloPublication . Pereira, Alda; Mendes, António Quintas; Mota, José; Aires, Luísa; Morgado, LinaO presente artigo resulta de uma reflexão colectiva que os autores têm vindo a desenvolver tendo em vista a implementação de cursos online ao nível da Pós-Graduação na Universidade Aberta. Partindo quer da análise teórica quer da experiência prática individual, são expostas as grandes linhas orientadoras de um possível modelo pedagógico que por um lado necessariamente se deverá confrontar com o “teste da realidade” mas que, por outro lado, tem já vindo a funcionar, para diversos docentes, como elemento orientador da concepção, desenvolvimento e implementação de diversos módulos, disciplinas e cursos online ao nível pós-graduado.
- Cultural-historical perspective in Spain and Portugal: developing theoretical and methodological approachesPublication . De La Mata, Manuel; Aires, Luísa; Santamaria, André; Rebollo-Catalán, M. Ángeles; Cubero, Merceddes; García-Perez, RafaelCultural-historical research has had a relevant presence in Spain and, to a lesser extent, in Portugal, since the 1970s. A review of the state of the art of the cultural-historical approach in these two countries allows us to identify four general lines of research: 1) sociocultural activities, mental actions, and semiotic mediation; 2) education in schools; 3) education beyond schools, including educational practices in community-cultural contexts; and 4) identity construction in (other) sociocultural settings. This perspective has been developed by an active community of researchers in the fields of psychology, education, and other social sciences.
- Digital inclusion programs: the case of the Basque CountryPublication . Palmeiro, Ricardo; Pereda Herrero, María Visitación; Aires, LuísaThe progressive development of the Digital Age has given rise to a growing number of concepts related to individuals’ experiences with their digital literacy, from the level of competence or lack thereof conceptualized in the digital divide, to the very concept of digital citizenship, essential today for participation in democratic societies. This article analyses the different interpretations made of these concepts with a view to clarifying their appropriate use according to the situations to be studied, understood as an intellectualized evolution of the realities and experiences lived by individuals and society. Since the beginning of the millennium, several national and regional digital inclusion projects began, encouraged by the European policies that aimed to alleviate the already existing digital gap. In this sense, the KZgunea program, the Basque government’s digital inclusion project is analyzed as a paradigmatic case of the evolution of government programs and policies in favour of an adequate level of digital literacy that allows individuals to fully participate in all fields of today’s increasingly digitized society. This report is part of a PhD thesis that analyzes digital literacy as an instrument of empowerment and social inclusion, to improve employability, and as a key to the construction of digital citizenship in the 21st century.
- Distance educational relationship and senses of belonging: the voices of studentsPublication . Aires, Luísa; Maia, Sofia M.; Carneiro, Ana CatarinaIn a viral society in which the social being claims the ability to maintain distance and the socially desirable representation of the body, in particular the face, claims its concealment, the distance educational relationship represents a critical area that deserves to be highlighted in the research agendas. This study aims to explore the sense of belonging of 98 students who attend a distance learning university. For this purpose, an open-ended questionnaire was applied, previously disclosed in closed groups on social networks. The students' sense of belonging was analysed through the types of connections they maintain with the campus, course, peers and teachers. The analysis of the narratives expresses a great diversity, density of experiences and expectations in the connections and senses of belonging. Attributing great importance to teachers in the appropriation of knowledge, it is essentially with their peers - other students - that the connections and sense of belonging acquire greater expression
- E-Learning, educação online e educação aberta : contributos para uma reflexão teóricaPublication . Aires, LuísaO presente artigo resulta das reflexões desenvolvidas no âmbito do Observatório da Qualidade do Ensino a Distância e e-Learning sediado na Universidade Aberta e, ainda, da participação na docência do curso “MOOCs: Fundamentos e Práticas”. Trata-se de um artigo de natureza eminentemente teórica que pretende ser um contributo para a delimitação do universo concetual da Educação Online. Neste texto, são explorados os conceitos de e-Learning, Educação Online e Educação Aberta Virtual. Em primeiro lugar, aborda-se a diversidade de conceções sobre o e-Learning para, depois, se propor uma definição do conceito. Em segundo lugar, enquadra-se a Educação Online no espetro da Educação a Distância. E, em terceiro lugar, são propostos alguns referenciais para a caracterização do conceito de Educação Aberta na sociedade digital e dos seus movimentos atuais mais relevantes: os Recursos Educativos Abertos (OER) e os Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC). Em relação aos OER salienta-se que a matriz desse movimento ultrapassa o mero acesso a conteúdos e recursos e associa-se a uma nova filosofia educativa, a novos valores baseados na abertura, na ética da participação e na colaboração (Peters, 2008). No âmbito da reflexão sobre os MOOC, dá-se destaque à ecologia de aprendizagem específica desses cursos e sublinha-se a necessidade de reconceptualizar conceitos tradicionais, como o de inscrição, participação, frequência, aproveitamento do estudante, na senda da investigação desenvolvida por DeBoer, Ho, Stump e Breslow (2014). Finalmente, reitera-se a dispersão de conceções sobre e-Learning, Educação Online e Educação Aberta e propõe-se que a investigação em Educação a Distância seja um referencial central para a redução da entropia atualmente existente nas Instituições de Ensino Superior Presencial, relativamente à apropriação de conceitos-chave da Educação a Distância Online.
- Educational challenges and visibility of vulnerable groups and unaccompanied migrant children and adolescents: tackling social exclusionPublication . Serrano-García, Jennifer; Olmedo Moreno, Eva M.; Aires, Luísa; Expósito López, JorgeThe research study provides a reflection on individuals who find themselves at risk of social exclusion, with the aim of exposing the lived reality of this group, especially those in regions where ARSSCI (Andalusian strategy for social cohesion and inclusion) is being applied, highlighting highly vulnerable individuals such as UMCA (unaccompanied migrant children and adolescents). With regards to the latter, critical analysis is used to establish a set of potential measures for tackling the different educational challenges faced by teachers and educational institutions. This approach strives to give visibility to the ignored reality of a population that finds itself excluded from Spanish society, especially vulnerable minors and UMCA. Only through greater awareness and collective action will it be possible to implement educational policies and programs to promote social inclusion. This requires giving a voice and visibility to those who are marginalized by society and, from the educational setting, remove barriers to enable fair and equitable coexistence for the whole population.
- Educators by proxy: emergency remote teaching and learning from the voice of parentsPublication . Seabra, Filipa; Abelha, Marta; Aires, Luísa; Teixeira, AntónioIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led educational systems worldwide to transpose activities planned for face-to-face education to mediated contexts - through what is known as Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL). This posed unprecedented challenges to schools, teachers, families, and students. In this context, it was relevant to describe and understand how parents perceived this process, including what challenges to themselves and their children they faced and what advantages they acknowledged in the process. The present study focuses on Portuguese parents’ views on this process. Methods: Data were gathered in April and May 2020 through an online questionnaire answered by 184 parents of preschool, basic, and secondary education students (ages 3–18). The present paper presents data from open questions analyzed by deductive and inductive content analysis using MaxQDA. Results and discussion: Results evidence three overarching themes: equity, parental labor, and the meaning of school. Parents reveal substantial difficulties juggling the role of proxy educator and parent and point to inequalities - including those concerning very young children, children with disabilities or learning difficulties, students enrolled in professional education, families with insufficient access to technologies, and parents working from home. The school is portrayed as a crucial environment for development, a designated space for learning and caretaking, but also a relational and emotional context. Despite this scenario, parents acknowledge ERTL as having positive aspects and as the possible outlet to keep education going even in extreme situations.
- Emergency remote teaching and learning and teachers’ digital competencePublication . Seabra, Filipa; Aires, Luísa; Abelha, Marta; Teixeira, AntónioThe challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic forced schools to quickly mobilize toward emergency remote teaching and learning (ERTL) practices. Teachers’ digital competences were essential in this context. This study aims to identify the ERTL practices adopted in Portugal and how they were perceived by teachers of students aged 3 to 18. Data were gathered through a questionnaire administered online during April and May 2020 to 329 teachers. ERTL was perceived as an opportunity to develop their own and their students’ digital competences. Teachers expressed a moderately positive view of the process and reported an experience of work overload. The pedagogical practices implemented by teachers during this period were diverse and differed according to gender, self-assessment of digital competence, and level of education taught. Results point to the importance of continued teacher training to achieve quality distance education.
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