Gestão e Economia | Artigos em revistas internacionais / Papers in international journals
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- La question de l'accès au droit dans le cadre de la réforme de la justice : vers une méthode comparativePublication . Jacquinet, MarcLes tribunaux des sociétés contemporaines sont devenus les personnages emblématiques d'une justice en crise. Le Portugal n'échappe pas à ce constat trivial. Si la présente crise institutionnelle et sociale de la justice projette les tribunaux au devant de la scène, il n'en est pas moins vrai que cette visibilité des tribunaux cache autant qu'elle révèle la crise, surtout celle de la justice au quotidien, celle qui concerne, peu ou prou, tout citoyen. Les symptômes sont biens connus : la lenteur de la justice, le manque d'efficacité, l'inflation des procès et les barrières à l'accès au droit, pour ne citer que ce qui touche de près au présent travail.
- Supplier-buyer collaboration in new product development: four case studies involving SMEsPublication . Moreira, AntonioNew product development at inter-firm level is clearly an important topic for researchers and managers. Although many papers have reported the importance of collaboration in NPD the collaboration involving partners with different technology endowments and how many small fi rms have managed to achieve a status of reciprocity have remained unaddressed. In this exploratory study four multinationals and sixteen suppliers were visited and their top executives interviewed to determine the key success factors of collaborative product development as perceived by suppliers. Four case studies were prepared in order to exemplify the supplier’s perceptions to inter-firm product development involving differently endowed firms. The main fi ndings are clear: suppliers and clients have different perspectives and play different roles due to the bargaining power exercised by the latter and by the fi ght for reciprocity of the former.
- Relevant parameters concerning the payments to employees.Publication . Silva, Victor Paulo Gomes daThe payments to the personnel are frequently a very relevant item in the financial documents of a business. Additionally, they use to be a major problem driver, creating dissatisfaction, complaints, grievances and strikes. In these circumstances, the debate concerning this theme assumes pertinence. The present article intends to give a contribution to that debate, emphasizing the microeconomic dimension. For that purpose, it begins (first chapter) with a reference to some relevant literature – mainly of French authors - concerning the impact of managerial strategies on the payments to the personnel; followed by three technical chapters that discuss factors which determine the payment to an employee and, finally, enounce the most important fringe benefits. The second chapter refers to the job analysis and to the job description and gives a particular emphasis to the job evaluation. Concerning this evaluation we focused only a method to do it: the point rating method. But the effective earnings of an employee also depends upon: • The performance evaluation and the performance premiums; • The sharing of financial results. So, we discuss these factors with some detail (third chapter). The fourth chapter enounces other relevant factors to determine the earnings of an employee: seniority, inflation and increase in productivity, government regulations, financial ability of the business, attitude of labour representatives and specifications concerning the market of the labour force. It ends with a brief reference to the fringe benefits, a factor that frequently assumes a relevant role in the employees’ standard of living.
- The flexible payment and its effects: the evolution since the 80’sPublication . Silva, Victor Paulo Gomes daThe present article is about a component of the labour flexibility - the flexible payment; integrating it in the evolution of the countries that are members of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), since the 80’s. The first chapter defines and parametrizes the concept flexible payment, enouncing the main factors to implement it in a company’s activity. The second chapter discusses the main reasons to make the employees’ payment flexible (or, more flexible), and comprises both structural and historical aspects. The third and last chapter comments relevant empirical studies about the effects of the flexible payment on the OECD economies since the 80’s.
- Critical technologies for the North of Portugal in 2015: the case of ITCE sectors - information technologies, communication and electronicsPublication . Moreira, Antonio; Carneiro, Luís F. Maia; Tavares, Marta P. TeixeiraAbstract: The Commission for Coordination and Regional Development of the North of Portugal (CCDR-N) promoted NORTINOV 2015, a project created to define a regional innovation strategy for the North of Portugal based on automotive clusters and Information Technology, Communication and Electronics (ITCE) clusters. Accordingly, it developed a technology forecast for the year 2015 in order to help the North of Portugal cope with the intensifying global competition and rapid technological changes. This paper describes the methodology used to identify critical technologies for the regional economy of the North of Portugal under the project NORTINOV 2015. It involved three main steps: technology identification and study, in which a list of emerging technologies was implemented; refinement of emerging technologies, in which 90 technologies were identified and finally, classification and hierarchisation of technologies, in which 30 technologies were identified as critical for the crafting of regional innovation strategy. In this final step, a workshop involving major stakeholders of the three clusters under study played a major role.
- La internacionalización de pymes industriales a través de multinacionales: presentación de algunos casos de los sectores automotor y electrónicoPublication . Moreira, AntonioEste artículo analiza las actividades internacionales en la relación proveedor-cliente. Se estudia el proceso de internacionalización de pequeñas y medianas empresas industriales portuguesas, teniendo en consideración el canal específico que las multinacionales representan para aquellas en un entorno industrial. Intenta establecer, en particular, cómo los clientes multinacionales condicionan el proceso de internacionalización de sus proveedores y cómo los proveedores subcontratistas reaccionan ante los dilemas estratégicos de la internacionalización condicionada por sus clientes multinacionales. El trabajo se centra en el estudio de cinco casos escogidos de una muestra de 20 pymes subcontratistas de cuatro empresas multinacionales de las industrias automotriz y electrónica. Las conclusiones complementan el marco teórico de las relaciones interorganizacionales. También indican que el trayecto internacional de los proveedores puede ser limitado por la naturaleza episódica de la relación, por la capacidad tecnológica para desarrollar nuevos productos, por las redes internacionales en que los proveedores están insertos y por los cambios en las actividades de la cadena de suministros.
- Defining the regional inovation strategy for the year 2015: the case of the ITCE clusters in the North of PortugalPublication . Moreira, Antonio; Carneiro, Luis; Celada, CatarinaAbstract: This paper describes the methodology and the definition of the regional innovation strategy, based on the Information Technology, Communications and Electronics (ITCE) clusters, for the North of Portugal under the project NORTINOV 2015, which was promoted by the commission for the coordination and regional development of the north of Portugal (CCDR-N) under the NORTINOV programme. Three strategic lines were proposed to achieve a regional innovation strategy for the ICTE cluster for the year 2015: the strategic line, in order to create conditions for the development of innovative clusters, the sustainability line, in order to facilitate the interaction with other clusters, and the structural line, in order to position the North region as a world-class region.
- Upstream linkages between TNCs and local suppliers: evidences from PortugalPublication . Moreira, AntonioThis paper explores the development of long-term, close relationships that are likely to influence the relationship between Transnational Corporations (TNCs) affiliates and their local suppliers. Based on the interdependencies between six industrial foreign subsidiaries and 26 local suppliers, it is possible to conclude that the complementarity between local suppliers and their TNC clients depends on two dynamics: • on the technological trajectory created by the supplier towards the upper steps of the technological competence • on the technological trajectory created by the transmissive capacity of the TNC client that helps their suppliers on their organisational transformation.
- Virtual teaching in a society of learningPublication . Martins, António Eduardo Pais Falcão Barbosa; Lopes dos Reis, FelipaEducation is a social practice historically placed and goes beyond all human activity, spreading to the network of relations that takes place in the social fabric, mediated or not by some kind of technology. Online education - that is, computer mediated communication - for educational purposes carries with it questions relative to its teaching and the overall nature of online learning. Online education constitutes a new professional configuration, a possibility of the effective use of teaching and the effective construction of knowledge from another spatial-temporal logic, without losing sight of the objective conditions of social networks, in particular new forms of social connections brought out by wider social changes, strongly marked by a technological presence.
- O ensino on-line na sociedade do conhecimentoPublication . Martins, António Eduardo Pais Falcão Barbosa; Lopes dos Reis, FelipaA sociedade do conhecimento em permanente evolução obriga a uma crescente racionalização e optimização do tempo. O presente artigo pretende ilustrar a dinâmica associada ao tempo e espaço na educação à distância, vectores essenciais desta metodologia. Numa primeira etapa, é abordada, sumariamente, a evolução do ensino e a transição da educação presencial para a educação à distância. As caraterísticas associadas à formação ocupam a parte seguinte deste trabalho, que igualmente, apresenta um estudo comparativo do tempo dispendido nas aulas presenciais versus as aulas à distância, que resulta da experiência dos autores ao longo do tempo, constituindo-se como validação empírica. Na verdade, várias têm sido as investigações sobre estas temáticas, assumindo especial importância o facto dos autores poderem partilhar os dois sistemas de ensino, comparando as diferentes realidades.