Gestão e Economia | Capítulos/artigos em livros internacionais / Book chapters/papers in international books
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- Application of governance, risk management, and compliance practices in the public service, in light of the tam model: a study at the Federal Institute of BahiaPublication . Oliveira, R.; Miranda, L.; Pinho, Carlos; IGI GlobalThis work's main objective was to study the application of governance, risk management and compliance (GRC) practices at Federal Institute of Bahia (IFBA), based on COSO- ERM, ISO 31000, and PMBOK. The application was carried out from the perspective of the technology acceptance model (TAM) to investigate users' perception of using a GRC system. The study is based on a questionnaire graded on a seven- point Likert scale. This model, originating in studies by Davis in 1986, located a fundamental conceptual framework for understanding how people perceive and adopt new technologies. The results demonstrate the applicability of the TAM model to measure perceived usefulness and ease of use in relation to the use of new technologies. It is also concluded that managers perceive greater usefulness and ease of use than subordinates, in relation to the proposed system. Thus, this study contributes to the development of studies on the GRC theme by systematizing practical implementation guided by international models, evaluating the perception of servers using the system in light of the TAM model
- Conditions for entrepreneurship development in creative industries in PortugalPublication . Carrilho, Tiago; Porfírio, JoséCreative Industries are at the core of the development of modern societies, fuelling innovation and promoting the development of new business models. However, the adequate conditions for the development of Creative Industries is not usually spontaneous, and must be developed. At the same time, likewise other types of entrepreneurs, creative entrepreneurs present some idiosyncratic characteristics that make them “special”. In the present paper we present the preliminary results for Portugal, of a large study conducted among creative entrepreneurs in some Southern European countries and in the UK, under an EU project. The principal objective of this paper is to present the conditions that established creative entrepreneurs in Portugal consider vital for their establishment and the inherent development of their businesses. We conclude that the development of creative entrepreneurship has implicit specific characteristics that differentiate it from the overall entrepreneurship picture, and that creative entrepreneurs, although present also some differences according to the different sectors of creative industries considered, are in themselves different from the general entrepreneurs. This may have consequences at the level of public policies’ conception and implementation that must be considered by the countries that want to promote entrepreneurship in creative industries.
- Corporate social responsibility and management in a glocal contextPublication . Silva, Maria; Jacquinet, Marc; Nobre, Ângela LacerdaCorporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a recurrent and global concept used by international and local corporations, with its supporters, skeptics, and critics. It is also a growing area of concern and practice for businesses for answering the challenges of the present century, such as fighting poverty or promoting sustainable development goals. There is need—almost consensual—for clarifying the impact and the policy setting related to complex areas, such as climate change, environmental issues, social responsibility and a whole array of ethical issues, at global and at the local level (i.e., through an unavoidable glocal perspective). The purpose of this chapter is, first, to review the literature and the main issues related to corporate social responsibility; second, to identify the current challenges this scientific area is facing; and, third, to pinpoint its relevance at the level of the digital economy setting, for the management of the emergent business models and of the information systems management of businesses.
- Critique of new economic geography to understand rural development: the influence of corporate strategyPublication . Porfírio, JoséThe economic development of societies has been, in general, from the agricultural to the services sector, making economies less real and more dependent on the intangible sectors. Agriculture was an important component of economic geography through the 1950s. But with the rise of model-building and quantitative methods, especially after the 1960s, the focus shifted to studies of industry. Most of the first studies about farming were in the sub-field of agricultural geography. ‘The result was that studies of agriculture within geography were cast either as old fashioned and backward looking or derivative of industrial geography (…) In any case, the secondary status of agriculture within economic geography was cemented into place’ (Page, 2000 [2003]). From the late 1970s, regional development theories became most oriented to the high technology industries. Economic theory was particularly concerned to explain the uneven income distribution between regions and the apparently better propensity of some regions to develop high-tech economic bases (Storper, 1997), related to both industry and the services sector. At the same time, associated with these tendencies, the economic theories that studied this evolution became more urban and less rural. In this sense, it is possible to say that, nowadays, there seems to be a kind of dogmatic position in economics that the evolution of societies should be made from the agricultural to the services sector. As a consequence, we see that the majority of the main economic theories that are available in the literature, and that can be heard in presentations made at international conferences, are dealing with the manufacturing or the services sector, while only a few theoretical papers in economics are dedicated to agriculture or primary sector activities. The 1990s saw the emergence of the New Economic Geography (NEG). NEG is mainly a ‘theoretical body of knowledge’ (Krugman, 1991b) – in the ‘new’ wave of economic theories – that asserts that the world is divided between a certain number of ‘centres’ and a huge number of ‘peripheral regions’ that surrounds these ‘centres’.According to the principles of NEG, it may be argued that the agricultural activities represent a burden for the regions, once the NEG’s authors were able to show, through the development and use of complex mathematical models, that the development dynamics of regions, heavily dependent on agriculture or agriculture-related activities –, even if we are talking about industries with the same characteristics as agriculture – will push them to the peripheral condition of less developed regions in contrast with any developed centre. The present financial and economic crisis that is affecting most of the world economies has increased the relevance of transaction costs as determinants of economic development and, at the same time, has thrown into question economic development patterns. We believe that this change will make the primary sector a vital sector in future economic development of each country and in particular it will be crucial in terms of the development of certain regions where these activities are more predominant. In accordance with this train of thought, in this chapter we try to explain a different possible view of development. We propose that, under certain conditions and armed with an adequate theoretical framework, it may be possible to see an alternative path of development for regions dependent on agriculture. This chapter is divided into four sections. Section 5.2. presents a brief overview of the evolution of economic theories explaining growth and development. In this section, we aim to show how the development of economics has led to the emergence of the NEG body of knowledge. Section 5.3. is dedicated, in particular, to the NEG’s ‘body of knowledge’. We start by briefly presenting NEG theory and its principles. Knowledge about the principles of NEG is very important in order to understand our view that the conclusions of NEG about the agricultural sector are of limited relevance if we take into consideration, first what should be the real importance of agriculture for societies in the near future; and, second, the impacts of introducing strategy (considered from the point of view of the individuals, the enterprises, the regions, or the country as a whole) into our analysis of rural development. This job is done in Section 5.4, where we analyse what we call the pitfalls of NEG concerning agriculture and their consequences regarding the conclusions of rural development theories. In Section 5.5, we explain the limitations of the present theories, and present a possible new framework for economic analysis of agricultural and rural regions that might leverage these new insights. To this end we propose the new concept of Agricultural District.
- CRM 2.0 and Mobile CRM: a framework proposal and study in European Recruitment AgenciePublication . Gregório, Tânia Isabel; Isaías, PedroCompanies are becoming more focused on customers and on new ways to approach them individually. Mobile technologies and Web 2.0 have been pushing companies to evolve in this area. This research is focused on the way Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems are used, on a European level, by recruiting companies to assist candidates in finding a satisfactory job. A framework is presented to identify how CRM 2.0 and mCRM (mobile CRM) can help candidates to find jobs in a personalized way. A set of four hypotheses have been defined. To gain a better understanding of these CRM systems, the methodology used in the exploratory study was quantitative, employing a non-probabilistic sampling technique, with 35 recruiting agencies being studied. Results showed that the use of software in recruiting agencies is quite common and that CRM 2.0 is present in the vast majority of the studied companies. When it comes to mobile CRM, there's still much to be explored in this channel, as agencies focus their resources on Web 2.0, leaving this channel's great potential of mobile CRM unused.
- Decision making in rural tourism management: the case of AlgarvePublication . Pego, Ana; Bernardo, Maria do Rosário MatosDecision making is an important role performed by managers. This chapter will analyze the importance of information systems (IS) on the decision-making process at rural organizations in Portugal's Algarve region. Managers' perceptions were analyzed and compared with the decision-making process model proposed in this chapter, which was based on the models of Simon (1977) and Mintzberg, Raisinghani, and Theorêt (1976). This chapter will discuss the capacity of rural tourism organizations to solve problems, as well as review the time needed to solve problems through the use of IS. This chapter will conclude that IS in the organizational decision-making process is positively related to the identification of the decision-making problem and time needed to solve the problems. This investigation will allow other sectors the opportunity to discuss decision process models based on technology, information capability, and organizational competitiveness.
- Enhancing higher education with artificial intelligence: implementing and assessing a chatbot in a business information systems coursePublication . Isaias, Pedro; Hoque, Tania Tanzin; Miranda, Paula; Sampson, Demetrios; Isaías, Pedro; Ifenthaler, DirkThe higher education sector is continuously searching for innovative technologies that can assist both lecturers and students to be prolific. The deployment of artificial intelligence in educational settings can assume a panoply of forms. Chatbots are a valuable example of the deployment of artificial intelligence in higher education, as they become increasingly popular in other areas of society. As with any innovative technology, the use of chatbots, in higher education, requires extensive research and careful consideration of their pedagogical value. The lessons learned from lecturers who experiment with chatbots can constitute important evidence to support their use. This paper presents a chatbot specifically designed for a higher education course, named RESOURCEbot, its mechanics and workflows. This chatbot was used in a university course to assist the students with recommendations of relevant research papers. It is also presented the chatbot’s evaluation. The evaluation of the RESOURCEbot derived from a questionnaire that was distributed among the students to assess their opinions about the experience of using a chatbot, its performance and their intention to use chatbots in educational settings. The results highlighted some of RESOURCEbot’s limitations, such as some difficulty in understanding the students’ prompts, but overall, they reflected the students’ positive opinions concerning its ease of use, and the value and pertinence of its recommendations.
- Entrepreneurship and changing mindsets: a success storyPublication . Dieguez, Teresa; Au-Yong-Oliveira, Manuel; Sobral, Thiago; Jacquinet, Marc
- Exploring social responsibility and social media engagement: the case of portuguese sustainable fashion brandsPublication . Santos, Sara; Silva, Paulo; Lopes, MargaridaConsumers value social and environmental responsibility today, leading fashion brands to use social media to promote sustainable initiatives and build consumer relationships. Digital platforms are essential for connecting with the brand by sharing responsible actions. Consumer behaviour is driven by motivations such as product acquisition and emotional satisfaction. Brand perception, influenced by marketing and social context, is crucial in purchasing decisions, which are increasingly made online. Creative and engaging content on social networks increases interaction with consumers. Brands' social responsibility efforts positively impact consumer trust and brand image. Such factors as consumer identity, brand experiences, and inherent characteristics such as self- esteem influence brand attachment. A research studyof three Portuguese sustainable fashion brands (Le Mot, Flair by MR, Kalimera) highlights the importance of social media strategies to reach and engage the public, convert interactions into sales and build consumer confidence in sustainable brands.
- Higher education and Web 2.0: barriers and best practices from the standpoint of practitionersPublication . Isaias, Pedro; Miranda, Paula; Pífano, SaraThe abundance of evidence of Web 2.0’s value in educational settings has provided both educators and researchers with prized information about the application of a panoply of technologies. The experience that this evidence portrays can be used to meaningfully direct teachers in their own ventures of Web 2.0 implementation. In online learning environments, any collaboration between the students must occur with the support of technology, so it is fundamental that technology functions as an enabler, maximizing the opportunities that online settings offer, and that students can tap into those technologies to enhance their learning experience. This chapter focuses on the implementation of Web 2.0 within higher education from the viewpoint of e-learning experts. It reports on the findings of on online questionnaire that examined both the barriers and the best practices of implementation and that was applied internationally among researchers and teachers in the higher education sector.
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