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Browsing Sociologia | Artigos em revistas internacionais / Papers in international journals by Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) "10:Reduzir as Desigualdades"
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- Adaptação do Communities That Care Youth Survey para Portugal: um estudo pilotoPublication . Henriques, Susana; Rabelo, RachelO questionário Communities That Care Youth Survey (CTCYS) avalia fatores de risco e de proteção, prevendo uma série de problemas de saúde comportamentais, incluindo uso de substâncias psicoativas, violência e delinquência em jovens e adolescentes. Em 2022, o CTCYS foi adaptado para Portugal, incorporando fatores de risco e proteção, associados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas, comportamento antissocial e problemas de saúde mental em quatro dimensões: comunidade, família, escola e indivíduo-pares. O presente estudo investigou as propriedades psicométricas e a aplicabilidade do CTCYS em Portugal. O processo de adaptação envolveu a tradução e o refinamento do US CTCYS complementado de discussões em grupos focais com alunos e especialistas. Realizou-se ainda um pré-teste num dos municípios da Região Autónoma dos Açores (RAA) no sentido de aferir a consistência interna do instrumento. Os resultados indicam que a estrutura do CTCYS adaptado a Portugal capta amplamente os principais fatores de risco e proteção considerados. A versão final foi aplicada a 1218 alunos a da RAA e foi realizada nova análise de confiabilidade e validade dos constructos visando a verificação da confiabilidade dos resultados da pesquisa. De modo geral, a os resultados mostraram-se promissores. Neste artigo apresentamos a análise dos resultados que identificam maiores efeitos para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas nos jovens da RAA. O uso dos resultados do CTCYS na identificação dos fatores de risco mais proeminentes para o consumo de substâncias em adolescentes, demonstra o potencial desta ferramenta para orientação de intervenções comunitárias de prevenção.
- Alcohol consumption and night-time leisure among brasilian studentsPublication . Freitas, Heloisa; Henriques, Susana; Uvinha, Ricardo R.; Lusby, Carolin; Romera, LianaRecreational drug use is recognized by the World Health Organization as the consumption of alcoholic beverages, carried out by a portion of youth during leisure contexts. This research aimed at knowing the types of recreational drug use of a population of young Brazilian university students. This is an exploratory and quantitative research, developed through an anonymous and semi-structured questionnaire. The sample consisted of 217 university students, aged 18 to 24 from a public university in the city of Vitoria- Brazil. The results showed that the recreational uses of substances occur mostly during leisure time. Such scenarios represent, for these young people, the possibility of rupture with daily life and the adult universe, characterized by the imposition of rules. For a young group, night-time leisure represents an important context of sociability and alcohol consumption. Among those surveyed, 63.6% consumed alcoholic beverages at night outings and 45.1% almost every weekend. Regarding the pattern of use, 49% consume binge drinking, especially when drinking in informal spaces such as streets and squares due to the lower regulatory control. The results corroborate that alcohol consumption is related to leisure agendas and address issues such as autonomous expression of identities and lifestyles in contemporary society.
- Antigypsyism in Portugal: expressions of hate and racism in social networksPublication . Magano, Olga; D'Oliveira, TâniaPortuguese Roma/Ciganos face different forms of negative reactions; they are marginalized, live in precarious socio-economic conditions, and are the poorest in Portugal and in the European Union (EU), as shown by the reports of the European Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). Despite national and European strategies, these situations continue, with the proliferation of racist demonstrations and hate crimes, and the growth of extreme right-wing parties. In 2022, the publication of a report by the FRA, regarding the situation of Roma in 10 EU countries (including Portugal), revealed the impact of antigypsyism in the areas of employment, education, health, and housing; these data triggered hate speech on social networks, which happens whenever something about Ciganos is published. A content analysis of the news disseminated by the main Portuguese media (press, TV, Radio) and of the comments on this news was conducted, through qualitative methodology. The results reveal racist hegemonic perspectives towards Ciganos: they depend upon the minimum income, do not contribute economically to the state accounts, and boast luxury goods.
- Before and now: the labour situation of clients in a therapeutic communityPublication . Henriques, Susana; Candeias, PedroThis article aims to identify changes in the work situation among problematic drug users (PDU) clients of an international therapeutic community located in Portugal, after the completion of treatment. In this article, we analyse these changes on the assumption that entry to the labour market is essential for effective social reintegration. To achieve our aim, we carried out a pilot study with an analysis of the administrative records of a therapeutic community and then held telephone interviews with 63 former clients. Different work-related factors were compared, with special attention being paid to the changes registered. We concluded that, after reatment, although there was greater instability, educational qualifications and the number of PDU employees with an occupation increased. There was a decrease in factory workers and an increase in administrative functions. First jobs were obtained via a more formal channel, while the most recent ones were obtained on own initiative. This leads to the conclusion that after an initial period of greater difficulties the PDU participants in this study manage to gain higher autonomy and better integration into the labour market.
- Building a framework based on european quality standards for prevention and e-learning to evaluate online training courses in preventionPublication . Henriques, Susana; Broughton, Natalie; Teixeira, António; Burkhart, Gregor; Miovský, MichaelPrevention practitioners are required to develop their skills and competencies in response to recent advances in prevention science. It is thus important to develop training programmes which ensure the development of a prevention workforce. Aiming to respond to this need, the Specialised Training Course in Addictions Prevention is based on the European Universal Prevention Curriculum (EUPC) and delivered online. In view of this being the first online course based on the EUPC, the absence of training programmes for prevention practitioners in Portugal, and the significance of international guidelines in these two domains (prevention and online distance learning), it was considered important to create a framework which supports the evaluation and monitoring of the course. This paper presents a framework for the evaluation of the specialised training course in prevention based on two models: the European Drug Prevention Quality Standards, and the adaptation of the European Standards and Guidelines to digital programmes and courses – Considerations for Quality Assurance of E-learning Provision. Given the importance of quality assurance in contemporary society, the framework presented in this paper is a tool that may be useful for evaluating other online distance learning programmes which focus on the professional development of prevention practitioners.
- A chegada de refugiados a Portugal em 2015: olhares nas redes sociais em media portugueses face à “Crise”Publication . Santos, Nuno; Sousa, Lúcio; Vieira, Cristina PereiraOs conflitos ocorridos no Médio Oriente e Norte de África provocaram a fuga, em número fora do comum, de pessoas com rumo à Europa no ano de 2015. Este fenómeno, que ganhou uma visibilidade acrescida nos media europeus, criou um conjunto de procedimentos e sentimentos antagónicos em relação aos refugiados: solidariedade e humanitarismo por um lado, hostilidade e incompatibilidade por outro. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as representações sociais em comentários proferidos num conjunto de notícias acerca da chegada de um grupo de refugiados a Lisboa, partilhadas na rede social do Facebook, por alguns media portugueses. Os resultados indicam que, apesar da manifestação pública de solidariedade com que Portugal é associado, assim como manifestações de solidariedade nas redes sociais dos media, subsiste uma hostilidade em relação aos refugiados, atribuindo-lhe determinados comportamentos com base em interpretações simplistas e estereotipadas.
- Climate change policies and agendas: facing implementation challenges and guiding responsesPublication . Alves, Fátima; Leal Filho, Walter; Casaleiro, Paula; Nagy, Gustavo J.; Diaz, Harry; Al-Amin, Abul Quasem; Farooq, Harith; Guerra, José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade; Margot, Hurlbert; Klavins, Maris; Saroar, Mustafa; Lorencova, Eliska Krkoska; Suresh, Jain; Soares, Amadeu; Morgado, Fernando; O’Hare, Paul; Wolf, Franziska; Azeiteiro, UlissesClimate policies are essential to mitigate climate change and to develop successful adaptation processes. However, there is a paucity of international studies that analyse the status of climate change policies. This paper reports on research undertaken in a sample of 13 highly diverse countries, in regards to their geography, socioeconomic development, vulnerability elements, adaptation, and climate-risks. The results draw attention to the global spread and standardisation of climate change policies, namely through the adoption of comprehensive National Adaptation Plans/Strategies (NAPs/NASs) that include mitigation measures and evaluation mechanisms. Although NAPs tend to take into account different non-governmental stakeholders, they are still mainly state-centred (i.e. their steering and implementation are the responsibility of each country´s Ministry of the Environment) in most of the 13 countries in which this study was carried out. The results show that NAPs’ objectives mainly reflect more a global agenda and pay less attention to national/regional vulnerabilities and contexts. In fact, despite different socioeconomic levels of development, diverse climate-risks, and dissimilar vulnerability and readiness status among countries, the examined NAPs tend to focus on the same critical sectors and objectives. Notwithstanding their similarities, our results highlight two different logics of adaptation reflected on the NAPs: one focused on economic risks and opportunities, characteristic of developed countries; and others focused on natural resources and conservation, characteristic of developing countries.
- Collaborative management in schools: experiences on the role of ibero-american networks in health educationPublication . Reis Bomfim, Natanael; Correia, Silvia Letícia Costa Pereira; Henriques, Susana; Rodrigues, ElisabeteHealth education is complex and, in schools, involves not only specific teams, but also management, organizational climate, and curricula. In this context, we understand collaborative management as a model in which school leaders promote the involvement of the school community, are based on open communication processes, and are receptive to innovation. Networking, enhanced by digital technologies, is one of the resources of these collaborative practices in the management of schools that, at the same time, reinforce them. Following a methodological strategy of an exploratory and qualitative nature, we analyze in a comparative perspective the public policies that frame health education in schools. The focus is on two experiences carried out in a network, in Brazil and Portugal. The results allow us to (re)think health education strategies in the school context, based on collaborative management strategies and cooperation networks.
- Da museologia social ao inventário participativo: património, território e desenvolvimentoPublication . Paiva, Isadora; Alves, FátimaNeste artigo, partimos da Museologia Social, para compreender seu lugar nas sociedades atuais e para determinar seu papel no campo da Museologia. Por meio da análise dos modernos processos museológicos e das formas de pensar a museologia de forma integrada aos territórios, culturas locais e identidades, bem como pela pesquisa de novos caminhos da educação museal e patrimonial, pretendemos propor um modelo de Inventário Participativo, harmonizado à ideia de comunidades, espaços e memórias.
- De como escrevemos a vida e a vida se inscreve em nós: um estudo da socialização através da análise de autobiografiasPublication . Abrantes, PedroO artigo desenvolve uma abordagem biográfica dos processos de socialização, equacionando teorias clássicas e recentes das ciências sociais, à luz da análise de 53 autobiografias de trabalhadores portugueses, produzidas no quadro de um programa inovador de educação de adultos. Depois da discussão teórica e metodológica, em diálogo com avanços recentes no campo das neurociências, defende-se uma noção de socialização em três níveis distintos, ainda que articulados: emocional, prático e reflexivo.