Gestão e Economia / Management and Economy
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- Uma abordagem da gestão da qualidade para as PME : os quatorze pontos de DemingPublication . Jacquinet, MarcÉ importante contextualizar o trabalho de Deming, e nomeadamente os seus 14 princípios. A seguir o chamado “milagre japonês”, muito saliente nas publicações dos anos 1970 em adiante, aparecem um conjunto de obras sobre a crise ocidental e do seu modelo produtivo. O livro de Deming, Out of the Crisis de 1986 é a interpretar neste contexto de transformação do modelo produtivo estadunidense e centra-se na questão da qualidade como variável competitiva crucial. Para a qualidade e para a competitividade o autor propõe catorze princípios que vamos estudar a seguir.
- Access to homebanking services a portuguese perspectivePublication . Negas, Mário Carrilho; Lopes, José; Bernardo, Maria do Rosário MatosHaving the information at our fingertips we can consider that we live in a digital age. In fact, images, sounds, videos and information in general are shared every minute all around the world by people connected to the Internet. We live with all the benefits, speed and efficiency that the Internet brings to us, but we must be aware of the inherent risks to data and equipment security. The future of the banking system is definitely dependent on the online services it can provide. Therefore, it is vital to know deeply all the types of cybercrimes that can affect this industry in order to defend those who use the banking online services. This research explores the theme computer security, specifically concerning the homebanking activity, so that (1) we can identify the risks involved in the use of this service and (2) understand if the users are aware of them.
- A adopção das IPSAS em Portugal conduzirá necessariamente ao relato de informação financeira comparável no âmbito do Sector Público Administrativo?Publication . Santos, Paula Gomes dos; Pinho, CarlosAs demonstrações financeiras públicas podem ser menos comparáveis do que os seus utilizadores, habitualmente, presumem. Face à expectativa de implementação das IPSAS em Portugal, este estudo pretende contribuir para determinar se a sua adopção conduzirá, necessariamente, ao relato de informação comparável. As principais conclusões prendem-se com a necessidade de harmonizar a informação orçamental no que respeita quer aos modelos das demonstrações financeiras e aos conceitos envolvidos, quer quanto aos métodos de mensuração das receitas e das despesas. Tenha-se presente que as IPSAS não contemplam as diversas questões estudadas sendo as mesmas definidas pela variada, dispersa e contraditória legislação em vigor.
- Adopção de sistemas empresariais e de plataformas electrónicas de contratação no sector público portuguêsPublication . Negas, Mário Carrilho; Bernardo, Maria do Rosário MatosA implementação de sistemas de ERP (EnterpriseResourcePlanning) e CRM (Customer Relationship Management), assim como a utilização de Plataformas Electrónicas de Contratação, são algumas das acções de modernização da Administração Pública portuguesa para dar cumprimento às directivas da União Europeia, que visam incentivar o progresso cientifico e tecnológico e a implementação cada vez mais efectiva do eGovernement nos seus estados membros. É neste contexto que nos propomos estudar o impacto dos sistemas ERP/CRM e Plataformas Electrónicas de Contratação em termos de eficiência e eficácia do sector público português, com a identificação das melhores práticas de adopção e implementação destes sistemas, e o seu nível de aplicação. A metodologia de investigação a adoptar combina duas abordagens, qualitativa e quantitativa, para alcançar de forma mais adequada os objectivos de investigação.
- Agrarian migrant workers in times of Covid-19 pandemic: the cases of Spain and PortugalPublication . Jacquinet, Marc; Bussotti, LucaThe research addresses the impact of the pandemic on rural migrant workers in two Southern European countries that are at the center of a restructured supply chains of fresh vegetables: Portugal and Spain, where a new political economy of agriculture emerged in the last decades. These two well-known countries for wine produce also olive, olive oils, almonds, tomatoes, oranges, grapes, and other fruits and vegetables. Traditionally, the workers were still in the 1990s mostly coming from local places. Now, immigrants from Sub-Saharan and Northern Africa and from Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are a large part of the agrarian labor force. The vulnerability, discrimination, and difficulties of livelihood of these migrants workers are common currency and, despite contradictory economic incentives, the pandemic has made matters worst, especially for women and individuals not speaking the local languages. After describing the historical evolution and differences of the agrarian sectors of the two countries for fresh fruits and vegetables, we discuss the impact of the pandemic with a focus on gender. Whereas the situation before the pandemic was precarious and slowly improving on some counts, namely the increase of worker organization, the current process is one of recess. The paper identifies questions neglected by the literature on the pandemic in rural areas, in particular the vulnerability of immigrant workers to hunger, austerity, gender divide and discrimination, health risks, heavy constrained work, deportation, joblessness, and the lack of policies to ease social and economic ills beyond the focus on temporary normalization and repression.
- AI-powered sustainable tourism: aligning innovations with the sustainable development goalsPublication . Alves, Jéssica; Arantes, Luzia; Moreira, AntonioThis study investigates the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to foster sustainable tourism practices that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It employs the SPAR-4-SLR protocol to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of 76 Q1 peer-reviewed articles identified in Web of Science and Scopus to determine the contribution of AI to environmental, social and economic sustainability. Four thematic areas emerged: (1) cocreation of value and sustainability in supply chains; (2) AI, service innovation and sustainable transitions; (3) AI, experience and governance in sustainable tourism; and (4) technology, nature and emerging frontiers. Results indicate that AI improves the sustainability process by making operations more efficient and sustainable and promotes ethical governance, inclusivity and innovation. A framework presents the interaction of AI-driven transformation, governance and ethical practices to foster a sustainable environment, contribute to SDGs 8, 9, 11, 12 and 13, and help improve SDGs 5, 7, 10, 14, 15 and 17. The study’s research agenda includes evaluating the long-term purposes of AI adoption, adoption barriers, implementation in less developed destinations and the enhancement of AI-oriented forecasting models. It provides original insights into the intersection of AI and sustainable development within tourism, providing actionable knowledge for academics, policymakers and practitioners seeking to harness AI for advancing sustainable tourism.
- Alliance orientation and firm financial performance: industry-specific and crisis effects. Implications for coopetition dynamicsPublication . Mota, Jorge; Chim-Miki, Adriana Fumi; Moreira, Antonio; Costa, Rui AugustoPurpose – This study examines how firms’ alliance orientation impacts firm financial performance, varying across manufacturing and retail service industries and during the COVID-19 Crisis. Coopetition requires simultaneous competition and cooperation, sometimes competition-based coopetition, other times cooperation-based coopetition. In this study, alliance orientation was used as the observable construct, enabling us to interpret its implications within the broader literature on coopetition dynamics. Design/methodology/approach – We used a sample of 330 portuguese and Spanish firms across different industries and employed an Ordinary Least Squares model. The study spans 2013–2022, encompassing pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19 pandemic periods. Findings – Results show that alliance orientation positively influences financial performance in the retail services industry, particularly during COVID-19, where alliances mitigated the negative effects of firm age, sales growth opportunities and asset tangibility. No significant effect was observed in manufacturing firms, highlighting industry-specific dynamics. Originality/value – The study offers threefold novelties. First, it assesses the impact of strategic alliance engagement on financial performance through an econometric model that considers the effect of strategic alliances on return on assets and includes control variables to express organizational complexity. Second, it highlights that the benefits of alliance strategies, which can enable coopetition dynamics, vary across industries. Third, it provides evidence that alliance orientation can be a strategic risk and crisis management mechanism, particularly during disruptive events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Alterações no poder (força, riqueza e conhecimento)Publication . Sousa, Ivo Dias deObjetivos: Apresentar a força, riqueza e conhecimento como formas de poder. Conhecimento: O Supremo Substituto
- Análise aos custos da qualidadePublication . Silva, Victor Paulo Gomes da
- Análise custo benefício - ACBPublication . Jacquinet, MarcExistem duas abordagens tradicionais à avaliação dos custos e benefícios na ciência económica (economia política ou economics): a primeira é a abordagem neoclássica que foca o preço de mercado e os critérios de mercados concorrenciais ou quaisquer equivalente de estimativa de um benefício ou custo monetário. A segunda é o método do cálculo do rendimento social ou estimativa do custo/benefício ou valor social. Além destas duas categorias de abordagens, existem (novas e não tão novas) abordagens heterodoxas —constituindo uma terceira categoria — que consideram ou irem além do mercado ou do custo social ou ainda de ir além de ambos. A questão do impacto, do valor de serviço ambiental encontra-se em todas as três categorias de abordagens.