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- Promoting entrepreneurial intentions from adolescence: the influence of entrepreneurial culture and educationPublication . Porfírio, Jose; Felício, J. Augusto; Carrilho, Tiago; Jardim, JacintoFrom a young age, entrepreneurship intentions depend heavily on the culture of countries and the entrepre neurial contexts that will shape entrepreneurial archetypes about what defines an entrepreneur, and the influ ence of role models. All these aspects depend on the would-be entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics, and are influenced by the entrepreneurship education they receive when they are young. Most of the studies on youth entrepreneurship focus on university students. However, it is in adolescence that the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs are formed. This may be the reason why these studies mostly reach contradictory results about the importance of these programs. From our sample of 1750 Portuguese students, we confirm the importance of entrepreneurial culture and education to promote entrepreneurial self-efficacy and develop entrepreneurial intentions. Our results contribute to ascertaining the importance of entrepreneurial educational programs delivered in adolescence, adapted to the specific characteristics of the target populations (potential entrepreneurs) on the development of entrepreneurship intentions. Thus, it helps with the subsequent definition of educational policies to foster entrepreneurship development from adolescence.
- Competências empreendedoras para ser bem-sucedido no mundo global e digital: proposta de um quadro de referênciaPublication . Jardim, JacintoSer bem-sucedido no atual mercado de trabalho pressupõe possuir um conjunto de competências empreendedoras que habilitem a lidar com os desafios emergentes. Este estudo descreve e sistematiza essas competências, tendo em conta os fenómenos vigentes da globalização e da transformação digital. A análise documental e a reflexão crítica sobre os dados recolhidos, permitiram identificar as razões socioeconómicas e socioculturais da relevância desta problemática e, consequentemente, elaborar um quadro de referência adequado às necessidades fundamentais da maioria dos profissionais. Os resultados apontaram para um modelo tripartido de competências - ter abertura à novidade, criar soluções para os problemas emergentes e comunicar eficazmente - que integra as seguintes competências: criatividade e inovação, espírito de iniciativa, autoeficácia e resiliência, planificação estratégica e avaliação, resolução de problemas, liderança transformacional, comunicação clara e visual, teamwork e networking, e comunicação digital. Na continuação deste estudo, propõe-se que seja criada e validada uma escala de competência com base neste modelo, de modo a ser possível medir o grau de desenvolvimento destas competências na maioria dos profissionais.
- Fostering entrepreneurship intentions: the role of entrepreneurship educationPublication . Porfírio, José; Carrilho, Tiago; Jardim, Jacinto; Wittberg, VolkerTo foster economic development, entrepreneurship is a crucial pillar. Young people and especially students are potential entrepreneurs, whereas education is crucial to promote capabilities and to pursue intentions. In this research we study the importance and effect of the personal characteristics of students, the inherent psychological factors, and the influence of education and training to promote entrepreneurial intentions. From our sample of 1750 students, we conclude about the importance of entrepreneurial education to promote entrepreneurial spirit and develop entrepreneurial intentions. Our results highlight the importance of proposing entrepreneurship education, especially to younger girls in regular education but also to older boys in vocational education. In this sense, this research closes a gap in literature by demonstrating that entrepreneurial education is an important aspect to promote entrepreneurial intentions, despite some inherent adverse psychological conditions on these younger students for entrepreneurship development.