História, Arqueologia e Património | Artigos em revistas internacionais / Papers in international journals
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- Pequenas cidades no tempo: as redes urbanasPublication . Cuesta Gómez, Fabián; Prata, Sara; Costa, Adelaide Millán; Pereira, Joana; Pacheco, Mafalda; AdelaideUma das caraterísticas do estudo das pequenas cidades ao longo da história é a sua capacidade de atrair uma ampla variedade de abordagens e metodologias de análise. Os capítulos deste livro traduzem a visão de diferentes investigadores de como as vilas ou cidades se inserem —de forma mais ou menos expressa— em todo o tipo de redes supralocais que respondem aos objetivos económicos, políticos, culturais —entre outros— das suas estruturas de governo e dos seus cidadãos
- Pequenas cidades no tempo: a saúdePublication . Costa, Adelaide Millán; Prata, Sara; Cuesta Gómez, Fabián; Cardoso, Adelino; Silva, Helena; AdelaideA pandemia provocada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, responsável pela doença Covid-19, levou à adoção de sucessivas medidas para tentar minimizar a sua propagação. Como sabemos, ao longo de cerca de dois anos, a saúde esteve, antes de mais, na agenda pessoal de cada um de nós, bem como nas agendas sanitária, política, mediática e, também, académica. Ainda que o contexto pudesse parecer pouco favorável à realização de um evento científico, considerámos que seria um bom momento para analisar o tema da saúde, desde a ótica das pequenas cidades ao longo do tempo. Este livro resulta de uma seleção dos trabalhos apresentados e debatidos no Colóquio Pequenas Cidades e Saúde, realizado online nos dias 6, 7 e 8 de maio de 2021. Os textos apresentados incluem abordagens muito diversas no seu espectro cronológico, desde a Idade Média à Época Contemporânea, e nos seus métodos, por diferentes áreas de investigação histórica. O volume oferece assim o que consideramos ser uma perspectiva atualizada sobre a problemática da saúde desde os pequenos núcleos urbanos incluindo reflexões sobre as políticas e estruturas de saúde pública, os processos de mudança e adaptação, a gestão de recursos e a sua materialidade, o papel dos governos locais e a sua interação com o poder central, e ainda reflexões sobre as respostas urbanas em tempos de epidemia
- Castelo de Vide, 1521. Potencialidades e usos das ferramentas digitais para a análise e divulgação do património histórico urbano no âmbito do projeto FRONTOWNSPublication . Silva, Gonçalo; Silva, Demetrius Lacet; Cuesta Gómez, Fabián; Trindade, luísa; Prata, Sara; Costa, Adelaide Millán; Cuesta-Gómez, Fabián; Prata, Sara; Costa, Adelaide; Pereira, Joana; Pacheco, MafaldaNas últimas décadas, o estudo dos núcleos urbanos medievais avançou significativamente graças a abordagens multidisciplinares e novas tecnologias. Este contexto permitiu formular propostas inovadoras de estudar e divulgar a cidade, com destaque para as reconstruções e animações digitais dos centros urbanos. Parte do projeto FRONTOWNS foi especialmente dedicado à reconstrução 3D da vila Castelo de Vide (Alentejo, Portugal) na Idade Média, combinando dados documentais, cartográficos, arqueológicos e arquitetónicos. A criação deste modelo digital tem permitido estudar e divulgar a cidade medieval de forma inovadora, mostrando o potencial destas ferramentas para compreender as interações e fluxos entre centros urbanos medievais. Estes resultados preliminares também abordam uma reflexão sobre as metodologias e boas práticas no desenvolvimento de reconstruções digitais e sobre os desafios encontrados
- Bell beaker footed bowls in the Iberian Peninsula: a trial inventory apropos a find from the Lapa do Fumo Cave (Sesimbra, Portugal)Publication . Cardoso, João Luís; Andrade, Marco António; Gil, RuiThe Lapa do Fumo cave (Sesimbra, Estremadura, Portugal) features a funerary context that has been extensively used since the Early Neolithic. A recent review of the votive assemblages revealed the presence of a vessel sherd belonging to a Bell Beaker footed bowl, featuring part of the base and the start of the foot, with incised decoration on the outer surface. This type of vessel, although quite rare, is known from various Bell Beaker complexes of the Iberian Peninsula throughout the entire time span of the Beaker phenomenon, mostly corresponding to the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE. Its geographical distribution in Iberia is equally widespread, occurring both in funerary and residential contexts. Starting from the Lapa do Fumo sherd presented herein, the authors will present an inventory of all known examples, integrating them into their respective chronological and cultural contexts. A technical and functional discussion is also included, based on an estimate of these items’ capacities.
- Recensão crítica: Materialized Identies in Early Modern Culture. 1450‑1750. Objets, affects; effectsPublication . Câmara, Maria Alexandra Gago da;Recensão critica. Este volume publicado pela Amsterdam University Press, integrado na Coleção Visual and Material Culture, 1300-1700, foi coordenado e editado pelos historiadores de arte Susanna Burghartz, Lucas Burkart, Christine Göttler e Ulinka Rublack - todos de nacionalidade Suiça e com investigação desenvolvida e consolidada no período moderno. Apresentam-nos uma interessante e inovadora abordagem sobre o mundo da cultura material na Europa, entre as balizas cronológicas 1450-1750.
- Ambasciata d’Italia a Lisbona: le trasformazioni di un palazzo nella storia della cittàPublication . Câmara, Maria Alexandra Gago da; Coelho, Teresa Campos; Alessandrini, Nunziatella; Russo, Mariagrazia; Sabatini , GaetanoLeitura integrada deste palácio - que sofreu transformações significativas ao longo do século XIX e inícios do século XX . Este texto aborda igualmente a análise do seu espaço interior, especificamente na campanha e programa decorativo azulejar.
- The necropolis of the Verdelha dos Ruivos Cave and the genesis of the Bell Beaker complex in Portuguese EstremaduraPublication . Cardoso, João Luís; Nicolis, Franco; Kulcsár, Gabriella; Heyd, VolkerThe Verdelha dos Ruivos Cave, located some 20 km NNE of Lisbon, is the only necropolis of the Bell Beaker Complex identified so far in Portugal in which it was possible to isolate individual burials and reconstruct the original position of the corpses. The cave was discovered in 1973, during the inspection of a Cretaceous limestone quarry. The exploitation of the quarry face sectioned the cavity, leaving only its distal part. The archaeological excavation was carried out by a team from the former Geological Services of Portugal, led by O. da Veiga Ferreira. The team included a medical doctor, which constituted an obvious added value for characterising the composition of the population and defining inhumation practices. All that remained of the original natural cavity was a small crypt, whose brown infill contrasted with the colour of the limestone; this was a hardened carbonate breccia, with abundant limestone blocks and containing archaeological remains. The hardness of this consolidated infill made it difficult to carry out the excavation, which began in October 1973 and ended only in May 1974. Four main levels were identified, consisting of successive individual tombs in lateral decubitus, on the left or right side, with the body coiled up in a foetal position. It was possible to identify the position of 11 graves, sometimes covered by small limestone slabs; the most fragile anatomical segments were missing. The archaeological remains included several artefacts, which were not very abundant, but showed a clear diversity, including all the objects deemed characteristic of the Bell Beaker Complex: sperm-whale tooth buttons, gold spirals, a Palmela point, idols and ceramics. All the decorated ceramics correspond to Beaker types, which leads to the conclusion that the funerary use of this cave should be exclusively attributed to a community belonging to the Bell Beaker Complex. Radiocarbon datings obtained support the beginning of this necropolis at ca. 2700 BC, extending into the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. These results are consistent with the remarkable antiquity of the emergence of the Bell Beaker Complex in the Tagus estuary region, as demonstrated by the results obtained at the prehistoric settlement of Leceia, located approximately 40 km to the SW, a fact that will also be enhanced and discussed in this paper.
- The genomic history of Iberian horses since the last Ice AgePublication . Garrido, Jaime Lira; Tressières, Gaétan; Chauvey, Lorelei; Schiavinato, Stéphanie; Calvière-Tonasso, Laure; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Southon, John; Shapiro, Beth; Bataille, Clément; Birgel, Julie; Wagner, Stefanie; Khan, Naveed; Liu, Xuexue; Rodanés, José María; Millán, Jesús V. Picazo; Giralt, Josep; Alonso, Natàlia; Aguilera, Isidro; Orsingher, Adriano; Trentacoste, Angela; Payà, Xavier; Morán, Marta; Eres, María Pilar Iborra; Albizuri, Silvia; Lamas, Silvia Valenzuela; Santandreu, Imma Mestres; Caixal, Montserrat Duran; Principal, Jordi; Huguet, Jordi Farré; Esteve, Xavier; Pasqual, Mireia Pedro; Sala, Nohemi; Pablos, Adrián; Martín, Patricia; Vergès, Josep Maria; Portero, Rodrigo; Arias, Pablo; Peredo, Roberto Ontañón; Detry, Cleia; Luís, Cristina; Cardoso, João Luís; Maeir, Aren M.; Valente, Maria J.; Grau, Elena; Poles, Vicent Estall i; Llorens, Joaquín Alfonso; González, Ana Miguélez; Gardeisen, Armelle; Cupitò, Michele; Tecchiati, Umberto; Bradley, Daniel G.; Horwitz, Liora Kolska; González, Esther Rodríguez; Espinet, Ariadna Nieto; Bover, Pere; Entrecanales, Rosa Ruiz; Estallo, Ignasi Garcés; Fragoso, Joaquín Jiménez; Celestino, Sebastián; Orlando, LudovicHorses have inhabited Iberia (present-day Spain and Portugal) since the Middle Pleistocene, shaping a complex history in the region. Iberia has been proposed as a potential domestication centre and is renowned for producing world-class bloodlines. Here, we generate genome-wide sequence data from 87 ancient horse specimens (median coverage = 0.97X) from Iberia and the broader Mediterranean to reconstruct their genetic history over the last ~26,000 years. Here, we report that wild horses of the divergent IBE lineage inhabited Iberia from the Late Pleistocene, while domesticated DOM2 horses, native from the Pontic-Caspian steppes, already arrived ~1850 BCE. Admixture dating suggests breeding practices involving continued wild restocking until at least ~350 BCE, with IBE disappearing shortly after. Patterns of genetic affinity highlight the far-reaching influence of Iberian bloodlines across Europe and north Africa during the Iron Age and Antiquity, with continued impact extending thereafter, particularly during the colonization of the Americas.
- Multi-purpose fossils? The reappraisal of an Elephas antiquus molar from El Pirulejo (Magdalenian; Córdoba, Spain)Publication . Cortés-Sánchez, Miguel; Morales-Muñiz, Arturo; Jiménez-Espejo, Francisco; Évora, Marina; Simón-Vallejo, Maria Dolores; García-Alix, Antonio; Martínez Aguirre, Aránzazu; Riquelme-Cantal, José Antonio; Odriozola, Carlos P.; Parrilla Giraldez, Rubén; Álvarez-Lao, Diego J.Fossil gathering by humans has been rarely documented in the Iberian Peninsula. In the present paper, a multidisciplinary approach has been taken to analyze a straight-tusked elephant (Elephas antiquus) molar retrieved in a Magdalenian deposit at the rock shelter of El Pirulejo in southern Spain. The taphonomical analyses revealed a multifarious use of a tooth that had not only been worked into an anvil-sort-of-tool but also used as a core and partly tainted with a composite pigment. The dating and geochemical analyses further evidenced that the molar derived from an animal that had lived in a rather arid landscape with a temperature range between 12.3 and 14.3 °C, coincident with a cold episode within marine isotope stage (MIS) 6.6, and probably fed on herbaceous plants. These analyses evidence the potential fossils from archaeological sites bear for addressing a wide range of issues that include both the cultural and paleoenvironmental realms.
- Osseous industry and exploitation of animal resources in Southern Iberia during the Upper PalaeolithicPublication . Évora, Marina; Haws, Jonathan; Bicho, NunoDuring the Upper Palaeolithic, several climatic events were recorded in some archaeological sites in the Southern Iberian Peninsula. The aim is to focus on the relations between those phenomena and the mammal species hunted by hunter-gatherers groups, and whose bones were used, along with lithics, as raw material for manufacturing their bone toolkits. Hunter-gatherers seemed to have had a preference on hunting ungulates species that are gregarious such as red deer and goat, one of the characteristics of the faunal assemblages from the archaeological sites located near the coastal zones, including Vale Boi and Cendres in Southern Iberia. Regarding their toolkits, there was a preference in choosing mammal bone for the manufacture of their hunting and fishing equipment, as well as other utensils of daily life, during the Gravettian and Solutrean. Hunter-gatherers were preferably hunting juvenile and female red deer that do not have antlers. The opposite occurred during the Magdalenian, where red deer antler was used much more as a raw material. The Final Magdalenian and Epimagdalenian saw a decrease in the quantities of osseous artefacts and even a total absence of harpoons in Southern Iberian archaeological assemblages.