Ambiente e Sustentabilidade | Artigos em revistas internacionais / Papers in international journals
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- Gender-responsive good practices in documenting customary and statutory land in MozambiquePublication . Balas, Marisa; Carrilho, João; Lemmen, Christiaan; Albuquerque, RosanaSustainable growth and development in Africa will continue to depend mainly on how land and land-related resources are secured, used, and managed, which is extremely important for the socio-economic development of women and men. Equitable land rights support the eradication of poverty, increase food security, and respond to climate change. However, women's land rights are strongly gendered across many regions of the globe, especially in Africa, where access to and control over land and productive resources is affected by customary norms, usually discriminatory against women. This paper focuses on Mozambique's legal reform and institutional capacity-building efforts, with special attention to social institutions, to promote equitable land rights and enhance land tenure security. It is based on specific practices in documenting customary and statutory access, control, and ownership of land, considering both the ongoing legal reform and the systematic land registration program the country has been promoting over the past decade. This paper intends to document these efforts and good practices so that they can be used as a reference and others can benefit from them.
- Heritage and sustainability: regulating participationPublication . Rosetti, Ilaria; Cabral, Clara Bertrand; Roders, Ana Pereira; Jacobs, Marc; Albuquerque, RosanaIn the past three decades, there has been increasing research carried out on the role of heritage and its processes in achieving broader sustainable development objectives beyond heritage conservation. As part of this movement, people-centered approaches and participation have been widely integrated into international regulations and guidelines on heritage management, stimulating the implementation of case studies-based research worldwide. Despite the wide advocacy of participatory heritage practices’ contributions to more inclusive and culturally sensitive local development in a great variety of projects, there is limited research into the roles these practices can have in addressing sustainability objectives. How are these roles addressed in international heritage regulatory frameworks, and what forms of participation are promoted for their fulfillment? This paper seeks to answer this research question through a content analysis of international declarations, conventions, guidelines, and policy documents focused on the roles and forms of participation that are promoted. A crossed-matched analysis of results reveals that active forms of participation are those most used to promote all roles and subcategories of participation, as a right, as a driver, and as an enabler of sustainable development. However, fewer active forms are presented as complementary at different stages of sustainability-oriented heritage practices. Moreover, a higher incidence of generic forms of participation can be observed in documents addressing international stakeholders, while partnership and intervention are to be found in those targeting regional and local actors. Nevertheless, the low incidence of decisional forms of participation confirms the challenges of power-sharing at all scales. Trends and influences are highlighted, informing heritage research, governance, and policymaking, but also revealing gaps and ambiguities in current regulations that further research encompassing a larger number of documents might confirm.
- A proteção social básica como direito humano: um olhar sobre MoçambiquePublication . Chipe, Maria Elvira Carlos; Albuquerque, Rosana; Núncio, Maria JoséEste artigo convoca a atenção sobre o percurso das diferentes dinâmicas investidas no sistema de protecção social, como um direito fundamental e internacionalmente reconhecido: vida, saúde, educação, trabalho, habitação, ambiente saudável, entre outros, com vista ao desenvolvimento sustentável das nações. Mediante uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, o artigo visa trazer uma abordagem crítica sobre o sistema de protecção social moçambicano, onde, inicialmente, percebemos a protecção social como um modelo baseado no reconhecimento mútuo do outro como ser social e dotado de direitos, onde as redes de relações de vizinhança, parentesco e/ou até mesmo de pequenos grupos sociais, comungam da filosofia de partilha e/ou interajuda (troca de bens e serviços). Este sistema de protecção social, embora informal, assegurou em Moçambique, ao longo de vários anos, alguma estabilidade social e económica das famílias, em particular das carenciadas. Noutra vertente abordaremos a protecção social como direito inalienável, em que as governanças, na sua missão, têm a inteira responsabilidade de garantir o pleno gozo dos recursos e oportunidades que vão permitir que o indivíduo possa desenvolver capacidades e habilidades com vista ao bem-estar social. A concluir, teremos o panorama dos esforços que o Estado moçambicano, no âmbito dos acordos internacionais, empreende para uma protecção social mais efectiva e abrangente.