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Perceções sobre as vulnerabilidades socioambientais atuais e futuras face às alterações climáticas no setor agrícola: estudo exploratório no município do Cadaval, Portugal
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Abstract(s)
As alterações climáticas, enquanto fenómeno multidimensional e complexo, desafiam as sociedades a conhecer e antecipar os seus impactes atuais e futuros, de modo a identificar as medidas e estratégias capazes de as enfrentar, seja pela mitigação, seja pela adaptação. O presente artigo, centrando-se no domínio das perceções dos agentes locais ligados ao sector agrícola, pretendeu identificar e compreender, a partir da sua posição e perspetivas, quais os impactes das alterações climáticas no sector agrícola e, consequentemente, quais as estratégias de adaptação a essas alterações na região delimitada pelo município do Cadaval, território rural marcadamente agrícola, vulnerável aos efeitos das alterações climáticas. Recorrendo a um inquérito por questionário aplicado a agricultores locais e à realização de um grupo focal com stakeholders, procurámos caracterizar as suas perceções relativamente às alterações climáticas, seus impactes e vulnerabilidades atuais e futuras na atividade agrícola, bem como as suas posições face à adaptação e mitigação. Em termos gerais, as informações recolhidas permitem-nos constatar que as alterações climáticas são percebidas essencialmente como resultado da ação humana e os nossos respondentes estão cientes dos efeitos dessas alterações na agricultura, que referem já se fazem sentir. Desconhecem, no entanto, o processo de emissão de gases de efeito estufa da atividade agrícola, o que os impede de identificar os processos de mitigação dessas emissões. Os agricultores inquiridos reconhecem a vulnerabilidade do pomar intensivo com necessidades de rega e de frio, a dificuldade em mudar e adaptar estas culturas permanentes que encaram como um desafio a ultrapassar, e reconhecem a oportunidade que o aumento da temperatura representa para a cultura da vinha.
Climate change, as multidimensional and complex phenomenon, challenge social communities to get acquainted and anticipate their current and future impacts in order to identify the measures and strategies capable of facing it, whether by mitigation or by adaptation. The present article, focusing on the field of perceptions of local agents linked to the agricultural sector, aims to identify and understand, from their position and perspectives, which are the impacts of climate change on agriculture and, consequently, what are the strategies to adapt to these changes in the municipality of Cadaval, a rural county with a markedly agricultural land use and, therefore, vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Using a questionnaire survey applied to local farmers, and resorted to the realization of a focus group with stakeholders, we seek to characterize their perceptions regarding climate change, and its current and future impacts and vulnerabilities on agricultural activity, as their position in relation to adaptation and mitigation. In general, the information collected allows us tohighlight the following characteristics: climate change is perceived essentially as a result of human action and our respondents are well aware of the effects of these changes on agriculture, which most claim are already felt. There is some shortcoming in information, in particular on greenhouse gas emissions processes in agriculture which prevents them from identifying the necessary mitigation processes. The farmers surveyed recognize the vulnerability of intensive orchards with irrigation and low temperature needs, the difficulty in changing and adapting these permanent crops that they see as a challenge to be overcome, and recognize the opportunity that the increase in temperature represents for the vitiviniculture sector.
Climate change, as multidimensional and complex phenomenon, challenge social communities to get acquainted and anticipate their current and future impacts in order to identify the measures and strategies capable of facing it, whether by mitigation or by adaptation. The present article, focusing on the field of perceptions of local agents linked to the agricultural sector, aims to identify and understand, from their position and perspectives, which are the impacts of climate change on agriculture and, consequently, what are the strategies to adapt to these changes in the municipality of Cadaval, a rural county with a markedly agricultural land use and, therefore, vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Using a questionnaire survey applied to local farmers, and resorted to the realization of a focus group with stakeholders, we seek to characterize their perceptions regarding climate change, and its current and future impacts and vulnerabilities on agricultural activity, as their position in relation to adaptation and mitigation. In general, the information collected allows us tohighlight the following characteristics: climate change is perceived essentially as a result of human action and our respondents are well aware of the effects of these changes on agriculture, which most claim are already felt. There is some shortcoming in information, in particular on greenhouse gas emissions processes in agriculture which prevents them from identifying the necessary mitigation processes. The farmers surveyed recognize the vulnerability of intensive orchards with irrigation and low temperature needs, the difficulty in changing and adapting these permanent crops that they see as a challenge to be overcome, and recognize the opportunity that the increase in temperature represents for the vitiviniculture sector.
Description
Keywords
Alterações climáticas Perceções Agricultura Climate change Perceptions Agriculture