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A actividade tutelada como prática de autonomização dos indivíduos sem-abrigo em Portugal: uma análise crítica
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Abstract(s)
Nas sociedades ocidentais, a intervenção sobre a vida na rua pressupõe que cada indivíduo é sem-abrigo devido a uma falha íntima que deve ser corrigida através de um processo de ressubjectivação que o
autonomize, tornando-o capaz de sair da rua e garantir a sua sobrevivência pelo desempenho de uma actividade remunerada. Uma das práticas de intervenção mais relevantes é a injunção à actividade, um procedimento pelo qual os sujeitos sem-abrigo são incentivados, de forma suave ou coerciva, a realizarem actividades diversas sob a orientação de outrem.
O objectivo da realização destas actividades é levar a que os indivíduos sem-abrigo se produzam a si mesmos como sujeitos empenhados em modificar quem são. Com base num trabalho de campo que consistiu na
observação directa da actuação de vários profissionais da intervenção sobre a vida na rua, bem como de interacções entre indivíduos sem-abrigo, foi possível constatar que o objectivo de autonomização não pode ser alcançado através da prática de injunção à actividade tutelada tal como esta é de facto desenvolvida. Dados os obstáculos estruturais à saída da rua e a situação de heteronomia em que estas práticas de autonomização
decorrem, elas bloqueiam quer a autonomia dos sujeitos sem-abrigo, quer a transformação íntima que visam promover.
In Western societies, welfare intervention in homelessness assumes that each individual is homeless due to an intimate flaw that must be corrected through a process of re-subjectivation that empowers by making them autonomous, thus making them capable of leaving the street and guaranteeing their survival through the performance of a paid activity. One of the most relevant intervention practices is the injunction to activity, a process by which homeless individuals are encouraged, either gently or coercively, to perform various activities under the guidance of others. The objective of performing these activities is to make homeless individuals produce themselves as subjects who are committed to changing who they are. Fieldwork was carried out to understand this process of re-subjectivation through the exogenously-directed activity, which consisted in direct observation of the practices of welfare intervention professionals, and of interactions among homeless individuals. The fieldwork showed that the goal of producing autonomous subjects cannot be reached through such tutelary activity. Due to the structural obstacles to leave the street and to the situation of heteronomy in which these autonomy-fostering practices unfold, such activities block both the autonomy of homeless individuals and the intimate transformation that they aim to promote.
In Western societies, welfare intervention in homelessness assumes that each individual is homeless due to an intimate flaw that must be corrected through a process of re-subjectivation that empowers by making them autonomous, thus making them capable of leaving the street and guaranteeing their survival through the performance of a paid activity. One of the most relevant intervention practices is the injunction to activity, a process by which homeless individuals are encouraged, either gently or coercively, to perform various activities under the guidance of others. The objective of performing these activities is to make homeless individuals produce themselves as subjects who are committed to changing who they are. Fieldwork was carried out to understand this process of re-subjectivation through the exogenously-directed activity, which consisted in direct observation of the practices of welfare intervention professionals, and of interactions among homeless individuals. The fieldwork showed that the goal of producing autonomous subjects cannot be reached through such tutelary activity. Due to the structural obstacles to leave the street and to the situation of heteronomy in which these autonomy-fostering practices unfold, such activities block both the autonomy of homeless individuals and the intimate transformation that they aim to promote.
Description
Keywords
Actividade Autonomia Indivíduos sem-abrigo Subjectivação Activity Autonomy Homelessness Subjectivation
Citation
Aldeia, João (2023), “A actividade tutelada como prática de autonomização dos indivíduos sem-abrigo em Portugal. Uma análise crítica”, Revista Em Pauta, 51, 235-250.
Publisher
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro