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- Moderation effects of government institutional support, active and reactive internationalization behavior on innovation capability and export performancePublication . Moreira, Antonio; Navaia, Eurico; Ribau, CláudiaAlthough innovation capabilities are important drivers of export performance, few studies address how they influence export performance in the context of emerging economies. This paper evaluates the moderating effects of government institutional support and firms’ active and reactive internationalization behaviors on the relationship between innovation capabilities and export performance. The sample analyzed is based on 250 Mozambican small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The results indicate that although innovation capabilities positively influence the export performance of Mozambican SMEs, the moderating effects of government institutional support and firms’ active and reactive internationalization behaviors were not found to be statistically significant.
- Innovation capabilities and their dimensions: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Moreira, Antonio; Navaia, Eurico; Ribau, CláudiaInnovation capabilities (ICs) represent a crucial source of competitive advantage for firms. However, the literature on ICs is extensive, leading to a diverse understanding of their nature and measurement. A notable gap exists in delineating the dimensions constituting ICs. This article aims to address this gap by identifying and pinpointing the various dimensions of ICs through a systematic literature review (SLR). The initial step involves identifying the diverse dimensions used in ICs, providing a distinctive insight for assessing their metrics. Notably, this SLR stands out as the only comprehensive analysis of various ICs dimensions, organizing them coherently. Examining 103 articles from the Web of Science and Scopus databases spanning from 2001 to 2022, the results reveal an amalgam of scales and associated approaches for IC measurement. This study contributes to the literature by systematically identifying and analyzing the main dimensions employed by researchers to measure ICs. Additionally, it highlights the foundational theoretical approaches of the identified studies. In practical terms, the study consolidates and presents the identified dimensions and metrics in integrative tables, offering researchers and companies valuable insights into diverse innovation paths that impact performance.
- Differentiation strategy and export performance in emerging countries: mediating effects of positional advantage among mozambican firmsPublication . Navaia, Eurico; Moreira, Antonio; Ribau, CláudiaSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in economic and development growth, particularly in developing countries. Their success depends on the expansion of their markets across borders, based on the strategies adopted, in which differentiation strategies and positional advantages play an important role. As an emerging country, Mozambican SMEs face a lack of resources and business environmental challenges in deploying their unique advantages when competing abroad. As such, the objective of this paper is to study the impact of differentiation strategies on the export performance of Mozambican SMEs, and the mediating effect of positional advantage on the relationship between the differentiation strategy and export performance of SMEs. To achieve this objective, an empirical study was conducted, based on a sample of 250 Mozambican firms, to test a theoretical model that applied Structural Equation Modeling using the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) algorithm, based on SmartPLS software version 3.3.6 (SmartPLS GmbH, Oststeinbek, Germany). The results show that differentiation strategies positively impact the export performance of SMEs and that positional advantage mildly mediates the relationship between the differentiation strategy and export performance. This suggests that Mozambican SMEs may not be properly taking advantage of the positional advantage of the differentiation strategies, as the added value generated by the positional advantage is relatively modest. As such, Mozambican SMEs still need to support their positional advantages to overcome fierce international competition. This study contributes to the knowledge about the consequences of adopting differentiation strategies and positional advantages on the export performance of SMEs, particularly in the context of emerging countries.
- Beyond differentiationPublication . Navaia, Eurico; Moreira, Antonio; Ribau, CláudiaAlthough the relationship between competitive strategy and export performance has been addressed previously in the literature, the moderating effect of the competitive intensity of this relationship is little explored, especially in emerging economies. This study aims to address the moderating effect of competitive intensity in the relationship between differentiation competitive strategy and the export performance of Mozambican small and medium- sized enterprises (SMEs). The study involves the analysis of 250 questionnaires directed to Managers of Mozambican SMEs, using structural equation modeling and Partial Least Squares (PLS/SEM) algorithm (SmartPLS 3.0). The findings show that differentiation strategy has a positive influence on export performance. However, competitive intensity has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between differentiation competitive strategy and export performance.
- The mediating roles of cost leadership and cost focus strategies on innovation capabilities and export performance: rResults from an emerging countryPublication . Navaia, Eurico; Moreira, Antonio; Ribau, CláudiaAlthough there are several studies analyzing how cost leadership and cost focus competitive strategies influence export performance, this article examines the relationship between innovation capabilities (ICs) and export performance (ExPf), as well as the mediating effects of cost leadership and cost focus competitive strategies among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Mozambique. Based on empirical survey data collected from 250 SME managers in Mozambique, we utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. Findings demonstrate that both cost leadership and cost focus competitive strategies partially mediate the ICs-ExPf relationship. Furthermore, these competitive strategies enhance the direct effect of ICs on export performance. These results suggest that SMEs from emerging countries, such as Mozambique, can effectively develop ICs and leverage cost leadership and cost focus advantages to successfully compete in international markets. The implications of this study are significant for owners and managers of SMEs from emerging countries, as it provides valuable insights into the impact of cost leadership and cost focus advantages of firms’ innovation capabilities. By understanding these relationships, SMEs can make more informed decisions and adopt more effective management approaches when seeking to compete in internationally, particularly among SMEs in emerging countries.
- The importance of exploration and exploitation innovation in emerging economiesPublication . Moreira, Antonio; Navaia, Eurico; Ribau, CláudiaInnovation capabilities are among the main driving sources of export performance; however, the literature on how exploration and exploitation innovation influence export performance in the context of emerging economies is scarce. As such, the purpose of this paper is to assess the relationship between innovation capabilities and export performance, mediated by exploration and exploitation innovation. For that, an online questionnaire was implemented surveying 250 Mozambican Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the agro-industry, agro-processing, and fishing sectors. Based on a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) relating innovation capabilities, exploitation, and exploration innovation to export performance, it is possible to state that innovation capabilities influence the export performance of SMEs in this emerging country. Moreover, exploration and exploitation innovation exert important mediation effects, the latter being more prevalent than the former. The results constitute a major contribution as it is possible to claim that, in the context of emerging economies, Mozambican SMEs have managed to enhance their export performance, based on innovation capabilities, but, also, to master their ambidexterity with exploiting capabilities, normally linked to their current technological trajectories, being more prevalent that exploitation capabilities, which are focused on the pursuit of radical innovation.