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Empreendedorismo inclusivo no Brasil: limites e potenciais das políticas públicas para a sustentabilidade dos negócios
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O empreendedorismo tem sido amplamente promovido como uma estratégia para o desenvolvimento econômico e inclusão social. Nos últimos anos, diversas políticas públicas surgiram com o intuito de fomentar o empreendedorismo entre grupos historicamente marginalizados. No entanto, o simples registro formal de empreendimentos, via CNPJ (Cadastro Nacional de Pessoa Jurídica), não garante condições equitativas de permanência e crescimento no mercado. O principal objetivo deste estudo é analisar de forma crítica as políticas públicas brasileiras voltadas ao empreendedorismo inclusivo, identificando tanto seus avanços quanto suas limitações. O foco está em compreender como essas políticas têm impactado grupos socialmente vulneráveis e em que medida elas conseguem oferecer não apenas acesso à formalização, mas condições reais de sustentabilidade e crescimento dos negócios. Nossa revisão bibliográfica, foram analisadas 42 publicações científicas, além de relatórios técnicos e normativos emitidos por instituições como o SEBRAE (Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas), o IPEA (Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada), o BID (Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento) e o Ministério da Economia. Com esses materiais, buscamos abranger diferentes visões sobre empreendedorismo, inclusão social e políticas públicas. O tema faz uma análise crítica e reflexiva, sensível às questões estruturais e interseccionais. Os dados levantados mostram que, embora o Brasil tenha feito avanços com políticas como o MEI (Microempreendedor Individual) e o Pronampe (Programa Nacional de Apoio às Microempresas e Empresas de Pequeno Porte), essas medidas ainda não alcançam plenamente quem mais precisa: empreendedores de grupos vulneráveis, como mulheres negras, jovens de periferia e pessoas LGBTQIA+. Ter um CNPJ não basta quando faltam apoio técnico, acesso ao crédito, redes de contato e formação adequada. A dificuldade de acesso à informação e a linguagem técnica dos editais afastam justamente quem mais precisa dessas oportunidades. O Estado, nesse contexto, precisa ir além de números e criar políticas públicas que escutem, acolham e caminhem junto com quem empreende nas margens.
Entrepreneurship has been widely promoted as a strategy for economic development and social inclusion. In recent years, various public policies have emerged with the aim of fostering entrepreneurship among historically marginalized groups. However, simply formally registering a business with a CNPJ (National Corporate Taxpayer Registry) does not guarantee equitable conditions for survival and growth in the market.The main objective of this study is to critically analyze Brazilian public policies for inclusive entrepreneurship, identifying both their progress and their limitations. The focus is on understanding how these policies have impacted socially vulnerable groups and to what extent they offer not only access to formalization but also real conditions for business sustainability and growth.For our literature review, we analyzed 42 scientific publications, in addition to technical and regulatory reports issued by institutions such as SEBRAE (Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service), IPEA (Institute for Applied Economic Research), the IDB (Inter-American Development Bank), and the Ministry of Economy. With these materials, we sought to cover different perspectives on entrepreneurship, social inclusion, and public policy. The topic involves a critical and reflective analysis, sensitive to structural and intersectional issues. The data shows that although Brazil has made progress with policies like the MEI (Individual Micro-entrepreneur) and Pronampe (National Program to Support Micro and Small Businesses), these measures still do not fully reach those who need them most: entrepreneurs from vulnerable groups, such as Black women, young people from the outskirts of major cities, and LGBTQIA+ individuals. Having a CNPJ is not enough when there is a lack of technical support, access to credit, networking opportunities, and proper training. The difficulty of accessing information and the technical language of public notices and grants alienate the very people who most need these opportunities.In this context, the state needs to go beyond just numbers and create public policies that listen to, embrace, and walk alongside those who are building businesses on the margins.
Entrepreneurship has been widely promoted as a strategy for economic development and social inclusion. In recent years, various public policies have emerged with the aim of fostering entrepreneurship among historically marginalized groups. However, simply formally registering a business with a CNPJ (National Corporate Taxpayer Registry) does not guarantee equitable conditions for survival and growth in the market.The main objective of this study is to critically analyze Brazilian public policies for inclusive entrepreneurship, identifying both their progress and their limitations. The focus is on understanding how these policies have impacted socially vulnerable groups and to what extent they offer not only access to formalization but also real conditions for business sustainability and growth.For our literature review, we analyzed 42 scientific publications, in addition to technical and regulatory reports issued by institutions such as SEBRAE (Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service), IPEA (Institute for Applied Economic Research), the IDB (Inter-American Development Bank), and the Ministry of Economy. With these materials, we sought to cover different perspectives on entrepreneurship, social inclusion, and public policy. The topic involves a critical and reflective analysis, sensitive to structural and intersectional issues. The data shows that although Brazil has made progress with policies like the MEI (Individual Micro-entrepreneur) and Pronampe (National Program to Support Micro and Small Businesses), these measures still do not fully reach those who need them most: entrepreneurs from vulnerable groups, such as Black women, young people from the outskirts of major cities, and LGBTQIA+ individuals. Having a CNPJ is not enough when there is a lack of technical support, access to credit, networking opportunities, and proper training. The difficulty of accessing information and the technical language of public notices and grants alienate the very people who most need these opportunities.In this context, the state needs to go beyond just numbers and create public policies that listen to, embrace, and walk alongside those who are building businesses on the margins.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Políticas públicas Empreendedorismo inclusivo Inclusão produtiva CNPJ Desigualdade social Public policy Inclusive entrepreneurship Productive inclusion Business registration (CNPJ) Social inequality
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
SkillsResearch
Licença CC
Sem licença CC