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Modernidade e ascese: Nietzsche e Weber, leitores da Reforma
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Abstract(s)
Em diferentes partes da sua obra, Friedrich Nietzsche ataca frontalmente a tradição luterana alemã, polemizando com os «ideais ascéticos» antimodernos e antirre-nascentistas, por ela levados no coração da modernidade, até provocar a sua decadência. No seguimento de Nietzsche, analisando os processos de secularização da modernidade, Max Weber destaca a ligação entre a ascese protestante, baseada na justificação através da fé e na noção de Beruf, o nascimento do individualismo capitalista ocidental e a mecânica burocrática dos Estados modernos. Colocando as abordagens destes dois autores no quadro do debate sobre a secularização e a teologia política da modernidade, este ensaio procura focar a importância das «técnicas de vida» e da ascese como instrumentos de transformação das condutas, assim como o papel que esta transformação tem para a compreensão da modernidade pós-luterana, e, por fim, a aposta teológico-política do confronto atual entre o ecumenismo espiritual das igrejas cristãs e o niilismo governamental da «gaiola de aço» globalizada.
In various parts of his work, Friedrich Nietzsche directly attacks the German Lutheran tradition, arguing against its anti-modern and anti-Renaissance «ascetic ideals», which it carried into the heart of modernity, ultimately leading to its decline. Following Nietzsche, Max Weber, in analyzing the processes of modernity’s secularization, highlights the connection between Protestant asceticism, rooted in justification by faith and the concept of Beruf, the birth of Western capitalist individualism, and the bureaucratic mechanics of modern states. Placing these authors’ approaches within the broader debate on secularization and political theology in modernity, this essay aims to focus on the importance of “techniques of life” and asceticism as instruments for transforming behaviors. It also examines the role that this transformation plays in understanding post-Lutheran modernity, and finally, the theological-political stakes of the current confrontation between the spiritual ecumenism of Christian churches and the governmental nihilism of the globalized «iron cage».
In various parts of his work, Friedrich Nietzsche directly attacks the German Lutheran tradition, arguing against its anti-modern and anti-Renaissance «ascetic ideals», which it carried into the heart of modernity, ultimately leading to its decline. Following Nietzsche, Max Weber, in analyzing the processes of modernity’s secularization, highlights the connection between Protestant asceticism, rooted in justification by faith and the concept of Beruf, the birth of Western capitalist individualism, and the bureaucratic mechanics of modern states. Placing these authors’ approaches within the broader debate on secularization and political theology in modernity, this essay aims to focus on the importance of “techniques of life” and asceticism as instruments for transforming behaviors. It also examines the role that this transformation plays in understanding post-Lutheran modernity, and finally, the theological-political stakes of the current confrontation between the spiritual ecumenism of Christian churches and the governmental nihilism of the globalized «iron cage».
Description
Keywords
Renascimento Protestantismo Secularização Niilismo Renaissance Protestantism Secularization Nihilism
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Ferraro, Gianfranco - Modernidade e ascese: Nietzsche e Weber, leitores da Reforma. "e-LCV" [Em linha]. ISSN 2184-4097. Nº 12 (jan.-junho de 2024), p. 24-41
Publisher
Centro de Estudos Globais da Universidade Aberta (CEG/UAb) | Instituto Europeu de Ciências da Cultura Padre Manuel Antunes (IECCPMA) | Associação Internacional de Estudos Ibero-Eslavos (CompaRes)