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Influência do processo de aculturação no bem-estar psicológico e na saúde mental de imigrantes portugueses que vivem no México
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Abstract(s)
A aculturação refere-se ao processo de adaptação que os indivíduos experimentam ao se integrar em uma nova cultura, e a relação deste com a saúde mental, sendo um tema de interesse crescente, especificamente para as comunidades imigrantes. Assim, esta investigação teve como objetivo analisar a influência do processo de aculturação no bem-estar psicológico e na saúde mental de imigrantes portugueses que vivem no México.
O método utilizado foi de enfoque descritivo e transversal, com um desenho misto. Participaram 79 indivíduos, 56 homens e 23 mulheres, com uma média de idade de 44.53; selecionados por conveniência. Os instrumentos utilizados tiveram por base as escalas do MIRIPS Questionnaire, a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS) e a Escala Positive and Negative Affet Schedule (PANAS), além do questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada.
Os resultados revelam uma comunidade heterogénea cuja satisfação com a vida está relacionada com o uso de estratégias de aculturação de integração e assimilação, para os que são mão de obra qualificada e têm boa proficiência do português. No entanto, as variáveis: trabalho não qualificado, menor proficiência do espanhol, relação afetiva, discriminação percebida, comunicação interpessoal, envolvimento com a comunidade e o afeto positivo são preditores do uso de estratégias de separação; enquanto, ser maior de 60 anos conduz à utilização da estratégia de marginalização. De facto, toda as dimensões de adaptação sociocultural avaliadas influenciam a regulação emocional, porém, o que mais se evidencia é a ansiedade, cujas principais causas são a discriminação percebida e a insegurança.
Acculturation refers to the adaptation process that individuals experience when integrating into a new culture, and its relationship with mental health is an increasingly relevant topic, particularly for immigrant communities. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the acculturation process on the psychological well-being and mental health of Portuguese immigrants living in Mexico. The method employed was descriptive and cross-sectional with a mixed design. A total of 79 individuals participated, consisting of 56 men and 23 women, with an average age of 44.53, selected by convenience sampling. The instruments used were based on the MIRIPS Questionnaire, the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (EADS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), besides a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The results reveal a heterogeneous community whose life satisfaction is related to the use of integration and assimilation acculturation strategies among those who are skilled workers and have a good Portuguese proficiency. However, the variables of unskilled work, lower proficiency in Spanish, affective relationships, perceived discrimination, interpersonal communication, community involvement, and positive affect are predictors of the use of separation strategies, while being over 60 years old leads to the use of marginalization strategies. In fact, all dimensions of sociocultural adaptation assessed influence emotional regulation, with anxiety being the most prominent, primarily caused by perceived discrimination and insecurity.
Acculturation refers to the adaptation process that individuals experience when integrating into a new culture, and its relationship with mental health is an increasingly relevant topic, particularly for immigrant communities. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the acculturation process on the psychological well-being and mental health of Portuguese immigrants living in Mexico. The method employed was descriptive and cross-sectional with a mixed design. A total of 79 individuals participated, consisting of 56 men and 23 women, with an average age of 44.53, selected by convenience sampling. The instruments used were based on the MIRIPS Questionnaire, the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (EADS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), besides a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The results reveal a heterogeneous community whose life satisfaction is related to the use of integration and assimilation acculturation strategies among those who are skilled workers and have a good Portuguese proficiency. However, the variables of unskilled work, lower proficiency in Spanish, affective relationships, perceived discrimination, interpersonal communication, community involvement, and positive affect are predictors of the use of separation strategies, while being over 60 years old leads to the use of marginalization strategies. In fact, all dimensions of sociocultural adaptation assessed influence emotional regulation, with anxiety being the most prominent, primarily caused by perceived discrimination and insecurity.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento em Relações Interculturais, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Keywords
Aculturação Bem-estar Saúde mental Imigrantes portugueses México Acculturation Well-being Mental health Portuguese immigrants