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- Layman's report of the project LIFEPAYT: tool to reduce waste in South EuropePublication . Ferreira, Célia; Fernández Braña, Álvaro
- Costs and benefits resulting from the implementation of PAYT schemesPublication . Garra, João; Fernández Braña, Álvaro; Ferreira, CéliaThis work reports a cost-benefit analysis of different PAYT systems using a full cost accountability (FCA) methodology, that includes both tangible and intangible costs and benefits. A theoretical municipality was defined and 4 models were created, each representing an alternative solution for PAYT. The simulations comprised both domestic and non-domestic users within the municipality and the solutions differed among themselves on the collection schemes, ranging from collective waste containers with limited access and a volume-based system or a weight-based system, to door-to-door collection with individual waste containers or with bags. The simulations used empirical data that was collected from real municipalities during the LIFEPAYT Project concerning both the initial investment as well as the reduction of unsorted/residual waste and increase of source separated recyclables. The economic and financial impact of transitioning to PAYT in each modelled municipality was analysed, focusing on the estimation of the cost structure in the years following the initial investment. The analysis considers three different scenarios of investment: PAYT and Biowaste investment (scenario 1), only PAYT investment (scenario 2) and Business-as-Usual (BAU) (scenario 3). The results show that all PAYT solutions in articulation with a municipal biowaste strategy models (scenario 1) introduce a sustainable municipal solid waste management in the long run and that without transitioning to PAYT (scenario 3) the Municipality will go down a path of economically unsustainable solid waste management.
- The setting up of a pilot scale pay-as-you-throw waste tariff in Aveiro, PortugalPublication . Ferreira, Célia; Neves, Anita; Fernández Braña, ÁlvaroOver the last 20 years solid waste has become an important issue in municipalities and counties and a problem for societies aspiring to economic, social and environmental sustainability. The new, recently approved Waste Framework Directive and Landfilling Directive have even higher targets related to municipal waste recycling and landfilling, and critical changes need to take place if European targets are to be realistically achieved. Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) waste tariffs are an instrument that can help achieving recycling targets. PAYT works by linking the payment of a waste-collection tariff with the amount of waste discarded so that the payment increases when more waste is produced: “the more one discards, the more one pays”. This work shows the early stages of PAYT implementation in pilot scale in a municipality in Portugal. The changes carried out in the collection infrastructures are described, as well as other complementary measures that were simultaneously implemented, namely reinforcement of the collection of dry recyclables and promotion of home composting.
- Socioeconomic impact of waste over the lifetime of project LIFEPAYTPublication . Fernández Braña, Álvaro; Sousa, Catarina; Bringsken, Beatriz; Neves, Anita; Dinis, Isabel; Ferreira, Célia
- Comparison of environmental impacts of municipal waste before and after the introduction of PAYT systems using life cycle assessment: the cases of Aveiro, Larnaka and LisbonPublication . Fernández Braña, Álvaro; Ferreira, Célia