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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O parque industrial cimenteiro brasileiro é formado por 85 unidades, onde 36 destas
estão licenciadas para o coprocessamento. Em 2012, os resíduos coprocessados
representaram a eliminação de um passivo ambiental de 1.320.000 toneladas. Desse
montante, 38% foram utilizados como substitutos de matérias-primas, e os outros 62%
como combustíveis alternativos. A taxa de substituição térmica no respectivo ano,
decorrente do uso de combustíveis alternativos chegou aos 9%. Acredita-se que a
capacidade nacional de coprocessamento possa atingir 2.500.000 toneladas/ano. Neste
trabalho desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso numa fábrica de cimento que aplica o
coprocessamento de resíduos perigosos, onde na primeira parte interpreta-se os dados
recolhidos pelo inquérito aplicado (questionário) a 50 trabalhadores da respectiva
cimenteira, a respeito da percepção desses indivíduos sobre questões ambientais,
econômicas, sociais e de saúde, relacionadas à prática do coprocessamento, tais como:
poluição, condições e segurança no trabalho, meio ambiente, saúde individual e
coletiva, oportunidades de emprego, capacitação e treinamentos oferecidos pela
empresa, coprocessamento de resíduos, transparência pública e participação ativa da
população nos processos decisórios. Os resultados obtidos foram favoráveis, em sua
maioria, com exceção dos aspectos relacionados ao conhecimento das pessoas em geral
sobre a prática do coprocessamento, bem como da participação da população nos
processos decisórios relacionados, os quais receberam respostas desfavoráveis. Já a
segunda parte deste estudo, apresenta os dados referentes ao monitoramento biológico
dos trabalhadores desta cimenteira brasileira que exercem suas atividades laborais
diretamente no coprocessamento de resíduos, onde avaliou-se a exposição aos seguintes
agentes químicos: fluoretos, manganês, mercúrio, níquel, estireno, etil-benzeno, fenol,
tolueno e xileno. Nenhum dos resultados obtidos ultrapassou os respectivos limites
biológicos de exposição preconizados.
The Brazilian cement industrial park consists of 85 units, where 36 of these are licensed for co-processing. In 2012, the co-processed waste accounted for the elimination of environmental liabilities of 1,320,000 tons. Of this amount, 38% were used as raw material substitutes, and the other 62% as alternative fuels. The thermal substitution rate in the current year due to the use of alternative fuels reached 9%. It is believed that the national co-processing capacity can reach 2.5 million tons / year. In this work it was developed a study case in a cement factory that uses the co-processing, where the first part interprets the data collected by the applied survey (questionnaire) to 50 workers of this industry about environmental, economic, social and health issues, related to practice of co-processing, such as: pollution, conditions and safety on work, environment, individual and collective health, employment opportunities, capacity building and training offered by the company, waste co-processing, public transparency and active participation of the population in decision-making. The results obtained were favorable, mostly, except for aspects related to the knowledge of the general public about the practice of co-processing as well as the population's participation in related decisionmaking processes, which received unfavorable responses. Already the second part of this study, presents data about the biological monitoring of workers of this Brazilian cement factory exercising their work activities directly in the waste co-processing, where was evaluated the exposure to these chemicals: fluoride, manganese, mercury, nickel, styrene , ethyl benzene, phenol, toluene and xylene. None of the results exceeded their biological limits recommended exposure.
The Brazilian cement industrial park consists of 85 units, where 36 of these are licensed for co-processing. In 2012, the co-processed waste accounted for the elimination of environmental liabilities of 1,320,000 tons. Of this amount, 38% were used as raw material substitutes, and the other 62% as alternative fuels. The thermal substitution rate in the current year due to the use of alternative fuels reached 9%. It is believed that the national co-processing capacity can reach 2.5 million tons / year. In this work it was developed a study case in a cement factory that uses the co-processing, where the first part interprets the data collected by the applied survey (questionnaire) to 50 workers of this industry about environmental, economic, social and health issues, related to practice of co-processing, such as: pollution, conditions and safety on work, environment, individual and collective health, employment opportunities, capacity building and training offered by the company, waste co-processing, public transparency and active participation of the population in decision-making. The results obtained were favorable, mostly, except for aspects related to the knowledge of the general public about the practice of co-processing as well as the population's participation in related decisionmaking processes, which received unfavorable responses. Already the second part of this study, presents data about the biological monitoring of workers of this Brazilian cement factory exercising their work activities directly in the waste co-processing, where was evaluated the exposure to these chemicals: fluoride, manganese, mercury, nickel, styrene , ethyl benzene, phenol, toluene and xylene. None of the results exceeded their biological limits recommended exposure.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Cidadania Ambiental e Participação apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Keywords
Indústria da construção civil Resíduo industrial Gestão de resíduos Poluição Trabalhadores Perceção Saúde e higiene no trabalho Saúde ocupacional Brasil Co-processing Hazardous waste Cement industry Perception of workers Occupational health Brazil
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Guimarães, André Gomes - Coprocessamento de resíduos perigosos em uma indústria cimenteira no Brasil [Em linha] : a percepção dos trabalhadores e aspectos de saúde ocupacional. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2015. 170 p.