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Publication
União Europeia, imigração e ética
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As questões éticas sobre os fluxos migratórios internacionais são, relativamente,
recentes. A visão convencional permite aos Estados decidir e determinar quais os critérios
de admissão e tratamento de imigrantes dentro das suas fronteiras. Esta discussão, assume
maior relevância, quando nos questionamos sobre Acquis Communautaire das políticas
migratórias da UE. Como sociedade transnacional, a UE, concebeu a liberdade de
circulação de pessoas no seu espaço, como um dos pilares de sustentação ético-jurídica da
comunidade política. Porém, nas últimas décadas, o quadro normativo tornou-se, cada vez,
mais restritivo em relação à imigração e de orientação Estado-cêntrica. Resultado disso,
são as imagens, quase diárias, da catástrofe que se vive no Mediterrâneo, ora com a
chegada de barcos repletos de seres humanos, ora de milhares de corpos que nele perecem.
A política comum de asilo e migração transformou a UE num paradoxo liberal. Assim, o
objetivo do nosso trabalho foi refletir sobre as restrições impostas à imigração pela UE e
de saber se a política migratória é compatível com os princípios básicos do liberalismo
igualitário, onde se inclui a liberdade e a igualdade moral dos indivíduos. A metodologia
de investigação consistiu num estudo qualitativo de bibliografia científica e das normativas
comunitárias, efetuando um exercício reflexivo entre a realidade – aquilo que “é”, e uma
perspectiva ideal – aquilo que “deveria ser”, fundamentado na teoria do liberalismo
igualitário. Sob esta perspectiva concluímos que a liberdade de circulação internacional é
um direito básico de todos os indivíduos, na observância do princípio das liberdades e do
princípio de igualdade moral, como tal, a restrição desta condiciona a igualdade de
oportunidades e agrava as assimetrias entre povos. Logo, as restrições impostas à
imigração pela UE não são compatíveis com os princípios básicos do liberalismo
igualitário.
International migration flows accordingly to Ethical issues are a relatively recent study. The conventional view allows States decide and determine what are the criteria for admission and treatment of immigrants within its borders. This debate assumes substantial relevance when we inquire about Acquis Communautaire migratory EU policies. As a transnational society, the EU has conceived the freedom of movement of people in their space, as one of the pillars of ethical, legal support of the political community. Nonetheless, the legal contemporary framework has become more restrictive towards immigration with a State-centric orientation. Subsequently, we have images of the Mediterranean catastrophe on a daily basis. The common asylum and migration policy has turned the EU into a liberal paradox. The purpose of our study is to display EU confinements on immigration and know whether the migration policy is consistent with the basic principles of egalitarian liberalism, which comprises liberty and moral equality of individuals. The research methodology consisted in a qualitative study of scientific literature and Community directives, together with a scrutiny between reality - what "it is", and an ideal perspective - what "it ought be", based on the theory of egalitarian liberalism. From this perspective we conclude that freedom of international movement is a basic right of all individuals, in what concerns the principle of liberty and the principle of moral equality and, thus, the restriction of this latter remises equal opportunities and intensifies asymmetries between people. Therefore, the constraints on immigration by the EU are inconsistent with the basic principles of egalitarian liberalism.
International migration flows accordingly to Ethical issues are a relatively recent study. The conventional view allows States decide and determine what are the criteria for admission and treatment of immigrants within its borders. This debate assumes substantial relevance when we inquire about Acquis Communautaire migratory EU policies. As a transnational society, the EU has conceived the freedom of movement of people in their space, as one of the pillars of ethical, legal support of the political community. Nonetheless, the legal contemporary framework has become more restrictive towards immigration with a State-centric orientation. Subsequently, we have images of the Mediterranean catastrophe on a daily basis. The common asylum and migration policy has turned the EU into a liberal paradox. The purpose of our study is to display EU confinements on immigration and know whether the migration policy is consistent with the basic principles of egalitarian liberalism, which comprises liberty and moral equality of individuals. The research methodology consisted in a qualitative study of scientific literature and Community directives, together with a scrutiny between reality - what "it is", and an ideal perspective - what "it ought be", based on the theory of egalitarian liberalism. From this perspective we conclude that freedom of international movement is a basic right of all individuals, in what concerns the principle of liberty and the principle of moral equality and, thus, the restriction of this latter remises equal opportunities and intensifies asymmetries between people. Therefore, the constraints on immigration by the EU are inconsistent with the basic principles of egalitarian liberalism.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos sobre a Europa apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Keywords
Imigração Ética Política das migrações Livre circulação de pessoas União Europeia Immigration Ethics European Union Migration policies Freedom of movement
Citation
Figueiredo, Paula Alexandra Carvalho de - União Europeia, imigração e ética [Em linha]. Lisboa : [s.n.], 2016. 134 p.