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Publication
Contributo para uma gestão sustentável de resíduos hospitalares em São Tomé e Príncipe: o caso de estudo dos laboratórios de análises clínicas
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| 4.48 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os laboratórios de análises clínicas geram resíduos que representam riscos para a saúde e meio ambiente, especialmente em países menos desenvolvidos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o estado atual da gestão dos resíduos dos laboratórios de análises clínicas em São Tomé e Príncipe e propor sugestões de melhorias. Para isso, inquéritos por questionários foram dirigidos a 14 técnicos dos diferentes laboratórios, posteriormente com intuito de saber sobre a gestão da incineradora foi feito um inquérito por entrevistas aos técnicos do Centro de Gestão dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde, e a tomada de decisão sobre o melhor cenário para gestão dos resíduos foi realizada através do método Analytic Hierarchy Process na qual se inquiriu três especialistas com perfil ambiental, económico e social respetivamente. Os laboratórios geram um total de 123,7 t/ano de resíduos, o equivalente a 0,35% de todos os resíduos do país. O pré-tratamento é realizado em 50% dos laboratórios; 43% não possuem espaço próprio para armazenar os resíduos; 79% segregam apenas perfuro-cortantes, e 7% não possuem segregação na origem. Somente os resíduos perfuro-cortantes são incinerados, enquanto outros resíduos são despejados em lixeiras juntamente com os resíduos urbanos e queimados a céu aberto. Conclui-se que a maior parte dos resíduos produzidos nos laboratórios de análises clínicas são eliminados e tratados de forma inadequada. Os três cenários propostos foram julgados como preferível em ordens diferentes de acordo com o julgamento de cada especialista, entretanto a sua implementação dependerá das condições financeira do financiador.
Clinical analysis laboratories generate waste that poses risks to health and the environment, especially in less developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess the current state of waste management in clinical analysis laboratories in São Tomé and Príncipe and to propose suggestions for improvements. For that, questionnaire surveys were sent to 14 technicians from different laboratories. Subsequently, in order to learn about the management of the incinerator, a survey was conducted through interviews with technicians from the Health Services Waste Management Centre. Decisions on the best scenario for waste management were made using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method, in which three experts with environmental, economic and social profiles were interviewed, respectively. The laboratories generate a total of 123.7 t/year of waste, equivalent to 0.35% of all waste in the country. Pre-treatment is carried out in 50% of the laboratories; 43% do not have their own space to store the waste; 79% segregate only sharps and 7% do not have segregation at source. Only sharps waste is incinerated, while other waste is dumped in landfills together with urban waste and burned in the open air. It is concluded that most of the waste produced in clinical analysis laboratories are disposed of and treated inadequately. The three proposed scenarios were judged as preferable in different orders according to the judgment of each expert, however their implementation will depend on the financial conditions of the funder.
Clinical analysis laboratories generate waste that poses risks to health and the environment, especially in less developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess the current state of waste management in clinical analysis laboratories in São Tomé and Príncipe and to propose suggestions for improvements. For that, questionnaire surveys were sent to 14 technicians from different laboratories. Subsequently, in order to learn about the management of the incinerator, a survey was conducted through interviews with technicians from the Health Services Waste Management Centre. Decisions on the best scenario for waste management were made using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method, in which three experts with environmental, economic and social profiles were interviewed, respectively. The laboratories generate a total of 123.7 t/year of waste, equivalent to 0.35% of all waste in the country. Pre-treatment is carried out in 50% of the laboratories; 43% do not have their own space to store the waste; 79% segregate only sharps and 7% do not have segregation at source. Only sharps waste is incinerated, while other waste is dumped in landfills together with urban waste and burned in the open air. It is concluded that most of the waste produced in clinical analysis laboratories are disposed of and treated inadequately. The three proposed scenarios were judged as preferable in different orders according to the judgment of each expert, however their implementation will depend on the financial conditions of the funder.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento em Sustentabilidade Social e Desenvolvimento apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Keywords
Incineração Lixeiras Resíduos perigosos Sustentabilidade Tecnologia de tratamento de resíduos São Tomé e Príncipe Dumpsters Hazardous waste Incineration Sustainability Waste treatment technology