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A sustentabilidade como vantagem competitiva: estudo das políticas ESG em Portugal
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Sustentabilidade, esse termo que tão regularmente começámos a ouvir nos medias, discursos e redes sociais, mas sem saber bem o que significa. Foi passado, é presente e será futuro. A diminuta existência de literatura no mercado português sobre esta temática despoletou o interesse nesta tese. A consciência sobre o conceito da sustentabilidade, o desenvolvimento da estratégia das empresas, atingir-se uma vantagem competitiva face aos seus rivais, as políticas ESG, o mercado energético, são o início desta viagem. Mas todos estes temas já foram sendo explorados, contudo, não existe nenhum modelo que permita quantificar objetivamente a evolução das métricas nas empresas portuguesas.
Foram selecionadas as 100 empresas mais sustentáveis em Portugal, no ano 2023, por meio
do estudo efetuado pela consultora MERCO, cingindo àquelas que nomeou aquando do
ranking ESG 2023. Executou-se um inquérito que permitisse a criação de um modelo
inovador de autoria própria, como que um template para que as empresas internacionalmente pudessem quantificar a evolução das políticas ESG. Neste questionário, além das métricas utilizadas, evidenciam-se, identicamente, quais os desafios enfrentados e apoios que seriam relevantes, para outras empresas também investirem em práticas sustentáveis, em Portugal.
Para compreender se o Governo português está empenhado na transição energética e
neutralidade carbónica, fora indagado o Ministério do Ambiente e da Energia, que é aquele
que está mais empenhado na Sustentabilidade e assim, compreender-se quais as
ações/medidas destacadas.
Permita-se escrutinar se a sustentabilidade será um veículo de vantagem competitiva para a
longevidade e futuro das empresas portuguesas, sendo empreendedoras e pioneiras nesta
área. Este modelo de mensuração da sustentabilidade será o começo da mudança do
paradigma sustentável das empresas portuguesas.
Sustainability, a term that we are beginning to hear so regularly in the media, speeches and social networks, but without really knowing what it means. It was in the past, it is in the present and it will be in the future. The limited literature on this topic in the Portuguese market sparked interest in this thesis. Awareness of the concept of sustainability, the development of corporate strategy, achieving a competitive advantage over rivals, ESG policies and the energy market are the beginning of this journey. All of these topics have already been explored, but there is no model that allows us to objectively quantify the evolution of metrics in portuguese companies. The 100 most sustainable companies in Portugal in 2023 were selected through a study carried out by the consultancy firm MERCO, limited to those nominated in the 2023 ESG ranking. A survey was carried out to create an innovative model of its own authorship, as a template for companies internationally to be able to quantify the evolution of ESG policies. In addition to the metrics used, this questionnaire also highlights the challenges faced and the support that would be relevant for other companies to also invest in sustainable practices in Portugal. In order to understand whether the Portuguese Government is committed to the energy transition and carbon neutrality, the Ministry of Energy and Climate Action was asked, which is the one most committed to Sustainability, and thus understand which actions/measures were highlighted. Let us examine whether sustainability will be a vehicle of competitive advantage for the longevity and future of Portuguese companies, being entrepreneurs and pioneers in this area. This sustainability measurement model will be the beginning of the change in the sustainable paradigm of Portuguese companies.
Sustainability, a term that we are beginning to hear so regularly in the media, speeches and social networks, but without really knowing what it means. It was in the past, it is in the present and it will be in the future. The limited literature on this topic in the Portuguese market sparked interest in this thesis. Awareness of the concept of sustainability, the development of corporate strategy, achieving a competitive advantage over rivals, ESG policies and the energy market are the beginning of this journey. All of these topics have already been explored, but there is no model that allows us to objectively quantify the evolution of metrics in portuguese companies. The 100 most sustainable companies in Portugal in 2023 were selected through a study carried out by the consultancy firm MERCO, limited to those nominated in the 2023 ESG ranking. A survey was carried out to create an innovative model of its own authorship, as a template for companies internationally to be able to quantify the evolution of ESG policies. In addition to the metrics used, this questionnaire also highlights the challenges faced and the support that would be relevant for other companies to also invest in sustainable practices in Portugal. In order to understand whether the Portuguese Government is committed to the energy transition and carbon neutrality, the Ministry of Energy and Climate Action was asked, which is the one most committed to Sustainability, and thus understand which actions/measures were highlighted. Let us examine whether sustainability will be a vehicle of competitive advantage for the longevity and future of Portuguese companies, being entrepreneurs and pioneers in this area. This sustainability measurement model will be the beginning of the change in the sustainable paradigm of Portuguese companies.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado em Gestão, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Sustentabilidade Estratégia Vantagem competitiva Políticas ESG Métricas ESG Sustainability Strategy Competitive advantage ESG policies ESG metrics