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Microfinança islâmica : uma alternativa para aliviação da pobreza
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A pobreza é um fenômeno que vem ao longo dos tempos sendo difícil de combater. Ela evolui de
diversas formas e muitos são os fatores; podendo desse modo, ser passado de geração em
geração, ou por motivos relacionados á catástrofes, guerras e até mesmo por ela ser
consciencializada como um estado normal de vida.
A pobreza em Paquistão abrange 60% da população e a maioria se concentra em zonas rurais
principalmente conservadoras, onde os acessos á educação, á infraestruturas básicas e ao crédito
são limitados.
A Microfinança tradicional trouxe resultados positivos e continua trazendo. Em casos que um
país apresente características culturais e religiosas em contraste com a gestão tradicional do
crédito, o impacto dos produtos da Microfinança convencional podem ser baixos.
A Microfinança Islâmica (MFI) atende a uma audiência que em princípio se encontra em
extrema pobreza ou que procura alavancar as suas atividades já existentes. Embora não seja
apenas direcionada para a camada muçulmana ela responde às preocupações de carácter ético.
A MFI, sendo uma ferramenta que abrange a componente religiosa, oferecendo produtos que vão
de acordo com a lei Sharia, pode levar consigo maior acréscimo e maior penetração na camada
populacional Paquistanesa, pois a maior parte da população paquistanesa professa a religião
islâmica.
Para melhor entender como ela pode ajudar no combate a pobreza, um estudo de pesquisa
qualitativa será aqui abordado.
Aqui será abrangido um estudo de caso, nesse caso irá falar-se da Akhuwat, uma instituição de
MFI que dá a população a possibilidade de se integrar na sociedade, alavancando os seus
negócios. Aqui serão abordados os diferentes tipos de financiamentos e a quem se dirigem e o
que se espera com a concessão desses empréstimos. Veremos que a formação do cliente,
acompanhamento e aconselhamento no negócio são elementos chave deste modelo de negócio.
Poverty in Pakistan reaches 60% of the population and it is mostly concentrated in rural areas, which are largely religiously conservative and where access to education, to basic infrastructure and to credit is poor. Traditional microfinance brought positive results and it keeps bringing them, but in a country that presents cultural and religious characteristics, which are in contrast with traditional credit management, its impact may be limited. Islamic Microfinance caters to a target group that normally is in extreme poverty or that seeks to leverage its existing activities. Although it is not necessarily only targeting Muslims, it addresses the preoccupations of ethical nature that pious sectors of the population may have with traditional finance. Islamic microfinance, being a tool that covers the religious component, offering a range of products that comply with the Sharia Law, can have a greater impact and greater penetration in Pakistan, since most of the Pakistani population professes the Islamic religion. There are too many barriers, but there are also signals to point at the fact that these tools may evolve into an important instrument for financial inclusion, if properly understood, implemented and well monitored. In order to better understand how it can help fight poverty, a qualitative study research will be applied. Akhuwat, an Islamic microfinance institution will be taken as case study. This institution aims at helping the population, giving them an opportunity to integrate into the society, leveraging their business. Its different financing instrument will be a discussed as well as the requirements that are expected to grant a loan. We will see that training and advisory are key element of this business model.
Poverty in Pakistan reaches 60% of the population and it is mostly concentrated in rural areas, which are largely religiously conservative and where access to education, to basic infrastructure and to credit is poor. Traditional microfinance brought positive results and it keeps bringing them, but in a country that presents cultural and religious characteristics, which are in contrast with traditional credit management, its impact may be limited. Islamic Microfinance caters to a target group that normally is in extreme poverty or that seeks to leverage its existing activities. Although it is not necessarily only targeting Muslims, it addresses the preoccupations of ethical nature that pious sectors of the population may have with traditional finance. Islamic microfinance, being a tool that covers the religious component, offering a range of products that comply with the Sharia Law, can have a greater impact and greater penetration in Pakistan, since most of the Pakistani population professes the Islamic religion. There are too many barriers, but there are also signals to point at the fact that these tools may evolve into an important instrument for financial inclusion, if properly understood, implemented and well monitored. In order to better understand how it can help fight poverty, a qualitative study research will be applied. Akhuwat, an Islamic microfinance institution will be taken as case study. This institution aims at helping the population, giving them an opportunity to integrate into the society, leveraging their business. Its different financing instrument will be a discussed as well as the requirements that are expected to grant a loan. We will see that training and advisory are key element of this business model.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão/MBA apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Keywords
Gestão Finanças Microcrédito Desenvolvimento sustentável Pobreza Financiamento Áreas rurais Islamismo Paquistão
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Snidero, Maimuna - Microfinança islâmica [Em linha] : uma alternativa para aliviação da pobreza. Lisboa : [s.n.], 2015. 70 p.