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Após alguns anos atendendo como psicoterapeuta de casais que apresentam graves problemas conjugais, observei a existência de uma problemática comum: a comunicação interpessoal. Assim, a motivação para esta pesquisa deu-se em função da complexidade e da frequência desse assunto, que é comum a todos os casais. Um fato chamou a atenção: os casais apresentavam também problemas relacionados a diferenças culturais, o que gerava dificuldades na comunicação. Surgiu, então, a pergunta: será que a cultura de cada pessoa presente no relacionamento interfere na relação a ponto de gerar problemas psicológicos e levar essas pessoas a buscarem terapia? A presente pesquisa objetiva observar se há influência da comunicação intercultural no funcionamento e na saúde psicológica de casais heterossexuais oriundos de diferentes culturas. A fim de atingir o objetivo, foram elaborados e utilizados dois instrumentos: o Guião para recolher os dados sociodemográficos e a Entrevista de Avaliação do Relacionamento Conjugal. Da pesquisa, concluiu-se que existem diferenças culturais e elas interferem na vida conjugal e familiar dos pesquisados, mas, no aspecto da comunicação verbal e não verbal, os resultados apontam que, nos dois grupos: casais com ascendência brasileira e casais com ascendência estrangeira, os problemas, como a insistência em ter razão, que inibe a participação do parceiro, as expressões ríspidas e o tom de voz elevado, que geram constrangimento e vulnerabilidade, são semelhantes, afetando a qualidade do relacionamento e a saúde psicológica dos parceiros conjugais. Verificou-se que, embora 64,28% dos casais reconheçam interferências decorrentes de diferenças culturais na comunicação verbal e não verbal, os 35,71% que afirmaram não sofrer esse tipo de influência relataram, que existiam problemas significativos de comunicação, mesmo quando não os associavam diretamente a diferenças culturais. Pode-se afirmar que a hipótese inicial não se confirmou. Os resultados obtidos apontam para outras variáveis: todos os casais (100%) indicaram que existem falhas na comunicação, no entanto as crenças e interpretações dos fatos do quotidiano resultam em desentendimentos conjugais, ou seja, problemas de ordem cognitiva e afetiva.
After several years working as a couples therapist with individuals facing serious marital problems, I observed a common issue: interpersonal communication. The motivation for this research arose from the complexity and frequency of this topic, which is common to all couples. One fact drew particular attention: couples also showed difficulties related to cultural differences, which created communication challenges. This led to the following question: Does each partner’s culture influence the relationship to the point of causing psychological problems and leading them to seek therapy? The present study aims to examine whether intercultural communication influences the functioning and psychological health of heterosexual couples from different cultural backgrounds. To achieve this objective, two instruments were designed and applied: a Questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data and the Marital Relationship Assessment Interview. The research concluded that cultural differences do exist and they interfere in the conjugal and family life of the participants. However, regarding verbal and nonverbal communication, the results indicate that in both groups — couples with Brazilian backgrounds and couples with foreign backgrounds — the problems, such as the insistence on being right (which inhibits the partner’s participation), harsh expressions, and a raised tone of voice (which generate embarrassment and vulnerability), are similar, affecting the quality of the relationship and the psychological health of the partners. It was found that although 64.28% of the couples recognized the existence of communication interferences stemming from cultural differences, the 35.71% who stated that they did not experience such influences nevertheless reported significant communication problems, even when they did not directly associate them with cultural differences. It can be stated that the initial hypothesis was not confirmed. The results point to other variables: all couples (100%) indicated the presence of communication failures. However, beliefs and interpretations of everyday events lead to marital misunderstandings, that is, cognitive and emotional issues.
After several years working as a couples therapist with individuals facing serious marital problems, I observed a common issue: interpersonal communication. The motivation for this research arose from the complexity and frequency of this topic, which is common to all couples. One fact drew particular attention: couples also showed difficulties related to cultural differences, which created communication challenges. This led to the following question: Does each partner’s culture influence the relationship to the point of causing psychological problems and leading them to seek therapy? The present study aims to examine whether intercultural communication influences the functioning and psychological health of heterosexual couples from different cultural backgrounds. To achieve this objective, two instruments were designed and applied: a Questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data and the Marital Relationship Assessment Interview. The research concluded that cultural differences do exist and they interfere in the conjugal and family life of the participants. However, regarding verbal and nonverbal communication, the results indicate that in both groups — couples with Brazilian backgrounds and couples with foreign backgrounds — the problems, such as the insistence on being right (which inhibits the partner’s participation), harsh expressions, and a raised tone of voice (which generate embarrassment and vulnerability), are similar, affecting the quality of the relationship and the psychological health of the partners. It was found that although 64.28% of the couples recognized the existence of communication interferences stemming from cultural differences, the 35.71% who stated that they did not experience such influences nevertheless reported significant communication problems, even when they did not directly associate them with cultural differences. It can be stated that the initial hypothesis was not confirmed. The results point to other variables: all couples (100%) indicated the presence of communication failures. However, beliefs and interpretations of everyday events lead to marital misunderstandings, that is, cognitive and emotional issues.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Interculturais, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Comunicação intercultural Diferenças culturais Interferências na comunicação Casais heterossexuais Culturas Comunicação Saúde psicológica Intercultural communication Cultural differences and communication interference Heterosexual couples and cultures Heterosexual couples Communication Psychological health
Contexto Educativo
Citação
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC