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Les grands mammifères du Pléistocène supérieur du Portugal : essai de synthèse
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Abstract(s)
Le présent travail concerne les grands Mammiferes du Pléistocene supérieur du Portugal, Mustélidés exclus.
Tous les matériaux recueillis au Portugal, dès la seconde moitié du XIXême siècle et dont nous avons pu avoir connaissance
ont été étudiés. Les caractéristiques géologiques et l'âge de chaque gisement, et la distribution des taxa ont été
précisés. La révision actualisée des matériaux a conduit à l'identification de 10 nouveaux taxa pour le Portugal, parmi
lesquels Equus caballus antunesi. Quelques-uns, comme Canis lupus lunellensis, Hyaena hyaena prisca et Elephas antiquus, ont survécu jusQu'au Würm vaire le Würm récent (Elephas antiquus). Ce fait suggere que le territoire portugais, du fait d'un climat plus favorable, a fonctionné comme une "aire refuge" pour des taxa déjà disparus depuis longtemps ailleurs en Europe. Considérant ces éléments, un essai d'évolution paléoclimatique est proposé. Jusqu'au Würm récent, le territoire portugais a été caractérisé par un climat tempéré chaud et humide. Pendant la dernière phase du Würm le
climat a évolué vers des conditions tempérées froides, mais en général humides, qui justifient dans les gisements pIus
montagneux la présence de Capra pyrenaica, sporadiquement, de Rupicapra pyrenaica et, exceptionnellement (?), de Mammuthus primigenius, dans les plaines littorales. Ces faits sont contraires à l'idée, antérieurement acquise, d'un climat
stable et globalement tempéré au Portugal et particulièrement en Estremadura, pendant le Würm.
This study presents a review of the large-sized mammals from the Upper Pleistocene of Portugal, excluding Mustelids. Following the study of the materiaIs kept in the Serviços Geológicos de Portugal and from other Institutions, as well as from sites presently under exploration, we studied materiaIs collected by ourselves, namely at one of the most important sites known, the Figueira Brava cave, at the Arrabida coast. The studied sites presented unequal interest. As for as the older excavations, no elements concerning stratigraphy are known, except for the Furninha and Casa da Moura caves, explored by J.F. Nery Delgado in the second half of the XIX century. ln the chapter concerning Paleontology, 26 taxa are described, 10 of these taxa are referred for the first time in Portugal, one of them - Equus caballus antunesi - described in 1989. FinaIly, the paleontological information, together with the faunistic associations allow us to made an essay of paleoclimatic evolution during the Upper Pleistocene. Until the Late Wünnthe climate was essentially humid and temperate to wann; some taxa, as Canis lupus lunellensis, Hyaena hyaena prisca and Elephas antiquus survived here until the last glaciation, the latter even during the Late Würmlater than is known elsewhere in Europe. Climate amenity extended out to Late WÜTInwas interrupted by short periods of moderate but humid cold, that justify the occurrence of species like Capra pyrenaica and Rupicapra rupicapra and, probably, Mammuthus primigenius.
This study presents a review of the large-sized mammals from the Upper Pleistocene of Portugal, excluding Mustelids. Following the study of the materiaIs kept in the Serviços Geológicos de Portugal and from other Institutions, as well as from sites presently under exploration, we studied materiaIs collected by ourselves, namely at one of the most important sites known, the Figueira Brava cave, at the Arrabida coast. The studied sites presented unequal interest. As for as the older excavations, no elements concerning stratigraphy are known, except for the Furninha and Casa da Moura caves, explored by J.F. Nery Delgado in the second half of the XIX century. ln the chapter concerning Paleontology, 26 taxa are described, 10 of these taxa are referred for the first time in Portugal, one of them - Equus caballus antunesi - described in 1989. FinaIly, the paleontological information, together with the faunistic associations allow us to made an essay of paleoclimatic evolution during the Upper Pleistocene. Until the Late Wünnthe climate was essentially humid and temperate to wann; some taxa, as Canis lupus lunellensis, Hyaena hyaena prisca and Elephas antiquus survived here until the last glaciation, the latter even during the Late Würmlater than is known elsewhere in Europe. Climate amenity extended out to Late WÜTInwas interrupted by short periods of moderate but humid cold, that justify the occurrence of species like Capra pyrenaica and Rupicapra rupicapra and, probably, Mammuthus primigenius.
Description
Keywords
Grands mammiféres Pléistocène supérieur Portugal Large mammals Upper pleistocene
Citation
Cardoso, João Luís - Les grands mammifères du Pléistocène supérieur du Portugal [Em linha] : essai de synthèse. "Geobios". ISSN 0016-6995. Vol. 29, Issue 2 (1996), p. 235-250