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A constituição do si de acordo com o segundo discurso de Sócrates no «Fedro»
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Abstract(s)
Este artigo considera o Fedro, 246css. e a caracterização que faz da psuque humana com base na imagem de um auriga e dois cavalos. Procura perceber o sentido e as implicações desta imagem, a função de cada um dos seus elementos e a relação entre eles, mas também todo um conjunto de noções a que tal imagem aparece associada: as noções de asa, tensão, «lugar supraceleste», peso, confusão, conflito, queda. Neste contexto, o Fedro acentua que cada psuque humana tende de raiz para algo superlativo, inexcedível (ou para o que se designa como «uperouránios tópos» sc. «aletheías pedíon»); mas acentua igualmente que essa tensão está obstaculizada pelo oposto, i.e., por léthe - e, na verdade, por uma grande multiplicidade de fatores de léthe. Assim, as análises do Fedro acabam por mostrar que a psuque humana está intrinsecamente marcada pela mistura - ao mesmo tempo constante e variável - entre alétheia e léthe.
This article analyses the Phaedrus, 246css. and the characterisation it makes of the human ψυχή based on the image of a charioter and two horses. It attempts to understand not only the meaning and implications of this image, the functions of each of its elements and the relations between them, but also a whole set of ideas to which this image appears to be linked: those of wings, striving, «supercelestial place», weight, confusion, conflict and falling. In this context the Phaedrus stresses that each human ψυχή tends from the start towards something superlative, unsurpassable (or towards what is termed «ὑπερουράνιος τόπος» sc. «ἀληθείας πεδίον») but also that this striving is obstructed by the opposite, i.e., by λήθη — and, to tell the truth, by a very wide variety of factors of λήθη. The analysis of the Phaedrus thus ends up demonstrating that the human ψυχή is intrinsically marked by the — at the same time constant and variable — mixing of ἀλήθεια with λήθη.
This article analyses the Phaedrus, 246css. and the characterisation it makes of the human ψυχή based on the image of a charioter and two horses. It attempts to understand not only the meaning and implications of this image, the functions of each of its elements and the relations between them, but also a whole set of ideas to which this image appears to be linked: those of wings, striving, «supercelestial place», weight, confusion, conflict and falling. In this context the Phaedrus stresses that each human ψυχή tends from the start towards something superlative, unsurpassable (or towards what is termed «ὑπερουράνιος τόπος» sc. «ἀληθείας πεδίον») but also that this striving is obstructed by the opposite, i.e., by λήθη — and, to tell the truth, by a very wide variety of factors of λήθη. The analysis of the Phaedrus thus ends up demonstrating that the human ψυχή is intrinsically marked by the — at the same time constant and variable — mixing of ἀλήθεια with λήθη.
Description
Keywords
Ψυχή Mistura "Lugar supraceleste" "ἀλήθεια x λήθη" Mixing "Supercelestial place"
Citation
Oliveira, Samuel José - A constituição do si de acordo com o segundo discurso de Sócrates no «Fedro». "e-LCV" [Em linha]. ISSN 2184-4097. Nº 5 (julho-dez. de 2020), p. 107-130
Publisher
Centro de Estudos Globais da Universidade Aberta (CEG/UAb) | Instituto Europeu de Ciências da Cultura Padre Manuel Antunes (IECCPMA) | Associação Internacional de Estudos Ibero-Eslavos (CompaRes)