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Casamentos prematuros no contexto dos ritos de iniciação femininos, praticados pela etnia Macua: olhares de finalistas do curso de licenciatura em Serviço Social
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Abstract(s)
Os ritos de iniciação praticados em Moçambique pelo grupo etnolinguístico Macua têm como principal objetivo garantir a manutenção da estrutura social, da coesão e da continuidade da comunidade.
Marcando a aquisição do estatuto de adultez, independentemente da idade fisiológica da jovem, a iniciação feminina Macua, consolida saberes construtores da identidade de género e de identidades sexuais discriminadas que se traduzem, a nível individual, na preparação de papéis de género para a vida conjugal. Esta prática, considerada por diversos autores como promotora de casamentos prematuros e consequentes casos de gravidez precoce e de abandono escolar, começa a ser percecionada como um problema social na medida em que se entende que violam os direitos humanos e legais da criança e da mulher.
É neste contexto que se pensou ser relevante tentar perceber em que medida a formação académica superior em Serviço Social, lecionada pela primeira vez em Moçambique pelo Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde e pela Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, alterou o entendimento que os finalistas destes cursos têm dos ritos de iniciação, que avaliação fazem dos impactos sociais com eles correlacionados, em particular com os decorrentes dos ritos de iniciação femininos praticados pelos Macua, e se entendem tais impactos como um problema social a ter em consideração nas suas futuras vidas profissionais.
The main objective of the initiation rites practiced in Mozambique by the Macua ethno-linguistic group is to guarantee the maintenance of the social structure and the community cohesion and continuity. Signaling the passage to adulthood regardless of the physiological age of the young woman, the Macua female initiation rites consolidates the knowledge regarding the construction of gender identity and of differentiated sexual identities that brings about, at individual level, the preparation of gender roles for married life. This practice, considered by several authors as promoting child marriages and subsequent teenage pregnancies and school drop-out, begins to be perceived as a social problem since it is understood to violate the human and legal rights of children and women. It is in this context that it was considered relevant to try to understand to which extent the higher academic training in Social Service, the first held in Mozambique by the Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde and by the Eduardo Mondlane University, changed the finalists' understanding of the initiation rites, what do they make of the related social impacts, in particular those associated with the Macua’s female initiation rites, and whether such impacts are regarded as a social problem to be taken into consideration in their future professional lives.
The main objective of the initiation rites practiced in Mozambique by the Macua ethno-linguistic group is to guarantee the maintenance of the social structure and the community cohesion and continuity. Signaling the passage to adulthood regardless of the physiological age of the young woman, the Macua female initiation rites consolidates the knowledge regarding the construction of gender identity and of differentiated sexual identities that brings about, at individual level, the preparation of gender roles for married life. This practice, considered by several authors as promoting child marriages and subsequent teenage pregnancies and school drop-out, begins to be perceived as a social problem since it is understood to violate the human and legal rights of children and women. It is in this context that it was considered relevant to try to understand to which extent the higher academic training in Social Service, the first held in Mozambique by the Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde and by the Eduardo Mondlane University, changed the finalists' understanding of the initiation rites, what do they make of the related social impacts, in particular those associated with the Macua’s female initiation rites, and whether such impacts are regarded as a social problem to be taken into consideration in their future professional lives.
Description
Keywords
Ritos de iniciação Macua Casamento Serviço social Direitos humanos Moçambique Initiation rites Child marriage Social service
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Pinto, Sara Maria Xavier - Casamentos prematuros no contexto dos ritos de iniciação femininos, praticados pela etnia Macua [Em linha]: olhares de finalistas do curso de licenciatura em Serviço Social. Lisboa: [s.n.], 2017. 115 p.