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Abstract(s)
O túmulo de Petosíris em Tuna el-Guebel, escavado por Gustave Lefebvre, em 1920, guarda memória textual e iconográfica de uma importante excepcionalidade: a usurpação de várias prerrogativas reais por parte do sacerdote de Tot dos séculos IV e III a.C.
Nas inscrições da capela e nas decorações das paredes exteriores da fachada há, de facto, significativos vestígios do uso por Petosíris de epítetos e de fraseologia associados ao protocolo faraónico, bem como do cumprimento de funções típicas e de actos rituais litúrgico-simbólicos tradicionalmente desempenhados pelo faraó egípcio. Trata-se de uma assinalável audácia política.
O desaparecimento do tradicional poder central indígena, próximo, forte e operante, provocado pela segunda dominação persa, e as perturbações político-administrativas na região da antiga cidade de Hermópolis Magna explicarão esta usurpação de funções e de privilégios? Será apenas um caso de abuso de potestas sacerdotalis? Estaremos perante um exemplo excepcional de consciência sacerdotal face ao declínio do tradicional modelo real faraónico?
Através da documentação textual, inscrita no interior do naos, e da iconografia da fachada do túmulo procuramos neste texto determinar as especificidades, as razões e os objectivos destes comportamentos.
The tomb of Petosiris at Tuna el-Guebel, excavated by Gustave Lefebvre in 1920, keeps an iconographic and textual memory of an important singularity: the usurpation of many royal prerogatives by this Thoth’s priest of the 4th and 3rd centuries B.C. In the inscriptions of the chapel and in the decorations of the outer halls of the facade there are, indeed, several traces of the use by Petosiris of epithets and expressions associated with the pharaonic protocol, as well as the performance of typical functions and rituals acts traditionally performed by the Egyptian pharaoh. Never before had been witnessed such political audacity. 843 Does the disappearance of the traditional indigenous central power, close, strong and effective, caused by the second Persian domination, and the political and administrative disorders around the ancient city of Hermopolis Magna explain this usurpation of functions and privileges? Is this merely a case of abuse of potestas sacerdotalis? Are we before an exceptional example of priestly consciousness due to the decline of the traditional pharaonic royal model? Is it possible to determine the characteristics of these behaviours from the textual documentation inscribed inside the naos and from the iconography in the tomb facade.
The tomb of Petosiris at Tuna el-Guebel, excavated by Gustave Lefebvre in 1920, keeps an iconographic and textual memory of an important singularity: the usurpation of many royal prerogatives by this Thoth’s priest of the 4th and 3rd centuries B.C. In the inscriptions of the chapel and in the decorations of the outer halls of the facade there are, indeed, several traces of the use by Petosiris of epithets and expressions associated with the pharaonic protocol, as well as the performance of typical functions and rituals acts traditionally performed by the Egyptian pharaoh. Never before had been witnessed such political audacity. 843 Does the disappearance of the traditional indigenous central power, close, strong and effective, caused by the second Persian domination, and the political and administrative disorders around the ancient city of Hermopolis Magna explain this usurpation of functions and privileges? Is this merely a case of abuse of potestas sacerdotalis? Are we before an exceptional example of priestly consciousness due to the decline of the traditional pharaonic royal model? Is it possible to determine the characteristics of these behaviours from the textual documentation inscribed inside the naos and from the iconography in the tomb facade.
Description
Keywords
Fontes textuais e iconográficas Memória Poder faraónico Consciência sacerdotal Iconographic and textual sources Memory Pharaonic power Priestly consciousness
Citation
«”Faraó” Petosíris: Usurpador ou restaurador da ordem?» in Adolfo J. Domínguez Monedero, Carmen del Cerro Linares, F. Javier Villalba Ruiz de Toledo, Francisco L. Borrego Gallardo (eds.), Nomina in aqua scripta. Homenaje a Joaquín María Córdoba Zoilo, Madrid, UAM Ediciones, 2021, pp. 843-858
Publisher
UAM Ediciones