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A gestão do ethos político: estudo das estratégias argumentativas de descredibilização e persuasão no debate sobre o estado da Nação
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Abstract(s)
A presente tese contempla o estudo da gestão do ethos político através de uma análise retóricopragmática das estratégias de descredibilização e persuasão no subgénero de discurso político
parlamentar debate sobre o estado da Nação, numa perspetiva teórica da argumentação no discurso
(Amossy, [2000]), integrada na Análise do Discurso. No primeiro capítulo da análise, centramo-nos
no funcionamento das figuras do discurso identificadas no contradiscurso e sua refutação e
evidenciamos o seu valor pragmático na conquista da adesão do auditório a uma imagem
desvalorizadora do adversário, salientando o seu contributo para a gestão do ethos dos oradores.
A identificação e análise das tipologias de argumentos utilizadas pelos oradores, realizada no
segundo capítulo da análise, permite-nos categorizar as várias configurações argumentativas
utilizadas no discurso parlamentar no género em estudo. No terceiro capítulo, estudamos os
procedimentos retórico-discursivos adotados no contradiscurso e sua refutação, portanto, na sua
dimensão polémica, procurando observar quais as estratégias mobilizadas pelos políticos para
preservar e salvar a sua face, bem como para a construção ou afirmação de uma identidade política.
Através do tipo de argumentação, bem como dos procedimentos retóricos mobilizados e da forma
como se processa a interação agonal, reconstruímos os tipos de ethè (individuais e coletivos)
discursivos dos oradores e procuramos mostrar que o ethos que os políticos desejam projetar
(Charaudeau, [2005]) é inverso à imagem desvalorizadora que constroem do adversário.
Concluímos que a construção e gestão do ethos político se configura como uma forma de legitimação
política que revela não apenas conflitos ideológicos mas que denuncia, sobretudo, estratégias de
posicionamento.
The present PhD thesis covers the study of political ethos management through a rhetoricalpragmatic analysis of discredit and persuasion strategies in the parliamentary debate on the state of the Nation, in a theoretical perspective of argumentation in discourse (Amossy, [2000]), integrated into the Discourse Analysis. In the first chapter, we focus on the functioning of the discourse figures identified in the counter-discourse and on their refutal. We also bring attention to the pragmatic value of the discourse figures in winning the audience's support to a devaluing image of the opponent, thus highlighting their contribution to the management of the speakers' ethos. The identification and the analysis of the types of arguments used by the speakers carried out in the second chapter, allow us to categorize the various argumentative configurations used in the parliamentary political discourse in the genre under study. In the third chapter, we not only study the rhetorical-discursive procedures adopted in the counter-discourse and their refutation, that is, in their controversial dimension, but we also seek to observe which strategies are mobilized by politicians to preserve and save their face, as well as to carry out the construction or affirmation of an identity policy. Through the type of the argument, as well as the mobilized rhetorical procedures and the way agonal interaction is processed, we reconstruct the speakers’ types of (individual and collective) discursive ethè and we attempt to demonstrate that the ethos politicians want to project (Charaudeau, [ 2005]) is contrary to the devaluing image they build of the opponent. We conclude by stating that the construction and management of the political ethosis shaped as a form of political legitimation that not only reveals ideological conflicts but, above all, discloses positioning strategies.
The present PhD thesis covers the study of political ethos management through a rhetoricalpragmatic analysis of discredit and persuasion strategies in the parliamentary debate on the state of the Nation, in a theoretical perspective of argumentation in discourse (Amossy, [2000]), integrated into the Discourse Analysis. In the first chapter, we focus on the functioning of the discourse figures identified in the counter-discourse and on their refutal. We also bring attention to the pragmatic value of the discourse figures in winning the audience's support to a devaluing image of the opponent, thus highlighting their contribution to the management of the speakers' ethos. The identification and the analysis of the types of arguments used by the speakers carried out in the second chapter, allow us to categorize the various argumentative configurations used in the parliamentary political discourse in the genre under study. In the third chapter, we not only study the rhetorical-discursive procedures adopted in the counter-discourse and their refutation, that is, in their controversial dimension, but we also seek to observe which strategies are mobilized by politicians to preserve and save their face, as well as to carry out the construction or affirmation of an identity policy. Through the type of the argument, as well as the mobilized rhetorical procedures and the way agonal interaction is processed, we reconstruct the speakers’ types of (individual and collective) discursive ethè and we attempt to demonstrate that the ethos politicians want to project (Charaudeau, [ 2005]) is contrary to the devaluing image they build of the opponent. We conclude by stating that the construction and management of the political ethosis shaped as a form of political legitimation that not only reveals ideological conflicts but, above all, discloses positioning strategies.
Description
Keywords
Argumentação Discurso político parlamentar Retórica Figuras Argumentation Parliamentary political discourse Rhetoric Figures Argument
Citation
Viola, Ana Isabel - A gestão do ethos político [Em linha]: estudo das estratégias argumentativas de descredibilização e persuasão no debate sobre o estado da Nação. Lisboa: [s.l.], 2020. 683 p.