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A vingadora e a sua vida dupla: facetas psicossociais de um fenómeno paradigmático na literatura e noutras artes
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A vingança ocupa, desde a Antiguidade, um lugar central no imaginário coletivo, como manifestação de tensões entre justiça, violência e ordem social. Presente em tradições literárias e artísticas que vão do teatro clássico à ópera, da pintura ao cinema, assume configurações diversas conforme os contextos míticos, históricos e culturais. Nos casos em que a mulher assume o papel de vingadora, esta figura surge como uma personagem inconvencional ou até marginalizada, cujo gesto punitivo transgride os papéis sociais tradicionalmente atribuídos às mulheres. A sua ação, frequentemente associada a narrativas de “rape and revenge”, expõe tanto um lado oculto da subjetividade feminina como a dimensão coletiva de um imaginário persistente. Nela se inscrevem também traços do motivo do “duplo”, que permitem encarar a vingança como um prolongamento ou uma inversão da identidade da protagonista, revelando desejos e pulsões reprimidos pela norma social. Este trabalho centra-se na análise de personagens femininas que assumem o papel de vingadora na literatura e nas suas adaptações cinematográficas, explorando as relações entre vingança, justiça, género e mito. A investigação procura responder a questões como a definição da vingança à luz da teoria da ação, a sua evolução histórica, o papel das mulheres nesse processo, as diferenças entre vingadores masculinos e femininos, a dimensão performativa dos papéis de género e os efeitos da representação da vingadora enquanto figura de justiça pessoal. Examina-se ainda de que forma as protagonistas presentes nos corpora dialogam com reflexos do motivo do “duplo” e com a tradição mitológica. Coloca-se a hipótese de estas personagens se projetarem como protótipos sociais que interrogam as dinâmicas de poder e autodeterminação feminina, questionando até que ponto poderão ser entendidas como remakes contemporâneos das Erínias – divindades ctónicas da mitologia grega associadas à vingança e à justiça punitiva – no imaginário coletivo.
Revenge has occupied, since Antiquity, a central place in the collective imagination, as a manifestation of tensions between justice, violence, and social order. Present in literary and artistic traditions ranging from classical theatre to opera, from painting to cinema, it assumes diverse configurations according to mythical, historical, and cultural contexts. In cases where a woman assumes the role of an avenger, this figure emerges as an unconventional or even marginalized character, whose punitive gesture transgresses the social roles traditionally attributed to women. Her action, often associated with "rape and revenge" narratives, exposes both a hidden side of female subjectivity and the collective dimension of a persistent imaginary. It also contains traces of the "double" motif, allowing revenge to be seen as an extension or inversion of the protagonist's identity, revealing desires and drives repressed by social norms. This study focuses on the analysis of female characters who assume the role of an avenger in literature and its cinematographic adaptations, exploring the relations between revenge, justice, gender, and myth. The research seeks to address questions such as the definition of revenge in light of action theory, its historical evolution, the role of women in this process, the differences between male and female avengers, the performative dimension of gender roles, and the effects of representing the female avenger as a figure of personal justice. It also examines how the protagonists in the corpora engage with echoes of the motif of the “double” and with mythological tradition. The hypothesis is raised that these characters may be projected as social prototypes that interrogate dynamics of power and female self-determination, questioning the extent to which they may be understood as contemporary remakes of the Erinyes – chthonic goddesses of Greek mythology associated with revenge and punitive justice – within the collective imagination.
Revenge has occupied, since Antiquity, a central place in the collective imagination, as a manifestation of tensions between justice, violence, and social order. Present in literary and artistic traditions ranging from classical theatre to opera, from painting to cinema, it assumes diverse configurations according to mythical, historical, and cultural contexts. In cases where a woman assumes the role of an avenger, this figure emerges as an unconventional or even marginalized character, whose punitive gesture transgresses the social roles traditionally attributed to women. Her action, often associated with "rape and revenge" narratives, exposes both a hidden side of female subjectivity and the collective dimension of a persistent imaginary. It also contains traces of the "double" motif, allowing revenge to be seen as an extension or inversion of the protagonist's identity, revealing desires and drives repressed by social norms. This study focuses on the analysis of female characters who assume the role of an avenger in literature and its cinematographic adaptations, exploring the relations between revenge, justice, gender, and myth. The research seeks to address questions such as the definition of revenge in light of action theory, its historical evolution, the role of women in this process, the differences between male and female avengers, the performative dimension of gender roles, and the effects of representing the female avenger as a figure of personal justice. It also examines how the protagonists in the corpora engage with echoes of the motif of the “double” and with mythological tradition. The hypothesis is raised that these characters may be projected as social prototypes that interrogate dynamics of power and female self-determination, questioning the extent to which they may be understood as contemporary remakes of the Erinyes – chthonic goddesses of Greek mythology associated with revenge and punitive justice – within the collective imagination.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado em Estudos Comparados - Literatura e outras Artes, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Vingança Justiça Género Mitologia Vingadora Duplo Revenge Justice Gender Mythology Avenger Double
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC