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- Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average time series model for tourism demand: the case of Sal Island, Cape VerdePublication . Neves, Gilberto A.; Nunes, Catarina S.; Fernandes, Paula OdeteThis article appears as an essential contribution for decision-makers in the Cape Verdean tourism sector given the impact that the number of overnight stays has on the economy of the country and the Sal Island, which until 2018 had been increasing every year. Since seasonality is a strong feature of the island's tourism, decision-makers are interested in knowing the seasonal variation in tourism demand. Thus, this study focused on the application of the Box-Jenkins method to the time series of the monthly number of nights stays in tourist establishments on the Sal Island, Cape Verde, over the period from January 2000 to December 2018, to find a model that better describes the series and with good forecast results for the year 2019. Several SARIMA models were studied using the Box-Jenkins method, with the SARIMA(1,1,1)(0,1,1)12 and the SARIMA(2,1,0)(0,1,1)12 demonstrating the best predictive performance in the test phase. However, in forecasting the series for the year 2019 the SARIMA(2,1,0)(0,1,1)12 achieved the best results with a MAPE=8.78%. This model can be used to simulate and analyse the number of overnight stays that be expected on the Island, if the tourism sector were not affected by the pandemic caused by COVID-19.
- Challenges and opportunities for island tourist destinations: the case of the Island of Sal, Cape VerdePublication . Neves, Gilberto A.; Nunes, Catarina S.; Fernandes, Paula OdeteThe Tourism Area Life Cycle destination goes through different phases from its exploration until its decline or rejuvenation. The knowledge about these different phases allows the improvement of investment decisions by the private sector or by the government, in a context of challenges and opportunities. The main objective of this study was to verify in which phase the Island of Sal and Cape Verde were at an individual and competitive level during the period 2010-2018, considering the Tourism Development Index (TDI). To calculate the TDI, destinations with the same ‘sun and beach’ market were chosen, such as the Dominican Republic, Morocco, Tunisia and the Canary Islands, because they compete for the same European market and their geographical proximity to this market; data from government and non-government sources were used. It was concluded that the Island of Sal is in the Development phase, the same phase as that of Cape Verde. As for competitiveness, they are in the exploration and stagnation phase, both needing to increase the TDI to 48% and 43%, respectively to reach the involvement phase. For the calculation of the TDI, data from Cape Verde can be used to analyse the Sal Island index and vice versa. Strategic policies must be considered in the long term, incorporating information on the relative positions of direct competitors and unexpected events such as COVID 19, which can be seen as an opportunity to diversify the offer, create new segments and discover new inbound markets.