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Percepção das comunidades locais acerca do desenvolvimento do turismo na Ilha do Ibo
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Abstract(s)
A percepção das comunidades locais acerca do desenvolvimento do turismo na Ilha do Ibo tem sido construída através dos impactos do turismo e do sentido que estas comunidades atribuem ao turismo. A Ilha do Ibo localiza-se na parte insular do Parque Nacional das Quirimbas com uma população de aproximadamente treze mil habitantes que se dedica a pesca artesanal, ao turismo e ao pequeno comércio. O turismo surge como a segunda actividade depois da pesca, desenvolvida por operadores turísticos, maioritariamente estrangeiros que empregam mão-de-obra local como cozinheiros, guardas, serventes de mesa, jardineiros etc. Ocupam estas posições devido as qualificações mais baixas e ao fraco investimento na educação na Ilha do Ibo. Apesar destas qualificações apresentadas pelos residentes, na Ilha do Ibo, o turismo tem sido uma acti-vidade desenvolvida para estimular a economia local. Para além dos benefícios directos, as co-munidades recebem 20% das receitas produzidas pelos operadores turísticos que são canalizadas para o fundo de maneio do Parque Nacional das Quirimbas e posteriormente para as comunida-des através dos comités de gestão. Assim esta tese tem como objectivo compreender de que forma o desenvolvimento do turismo na Ilha do Ibo é percecionado pelas comunidades locais. A componente teórica incidiu sobre a temática do turismo, obdeceu um índice previamente ela-borado sobre temas que foram tratados neste trabalho tais como: desenvolvimento do turismo, a percepção das comunidades locais sobre o turismo na Ilha do Ibo e a participação das comuni-dades locais em iniciativas de desenvolvimento. Optou-se por um paradigma qualitativo que tem como características específicas as interações sociais, podendo ser descritas e analisadas fora dos contextos estatísticos. As técnicas de recolha de Dados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, pes-quisa documental e as entrevistas semi- estruturadas. Os participantes foram seleccionados atra-vés da amostragem por acessibilidade e conveniência e por uma amostragem opiniática. Para a análise de dados usou-se como técnica a análise de conteúdo. Com este estudo foi possível per-ceber que nem todas as comunidades percebem os benefícios do turismo. Sómente aquelas que trabalham nas estâncias turísticas e estão nos conselhos de gestão é que percebem os efeitos visíveis do turismo no bem-estar das comunidades locais. Recomenda-se as entidades locais públicas e privadas a integração das comunidades locais no processo de desenvolvimento do turismo, desde a planificação à implementação de projectos turísticos, aumentando-lhes o co-nhecimento sobre os benefícios do turismo através de palestras, eventos de turismo, feiras de arte e gastronomia local, campanhas de sensibilização sobre o saneamento do meio, assim como a importância sobre o conhecimento dos valores culturais como forma de incentivar a participa-ção da comunidade local nas decisões sobre o turismo para permitir uma melhor gestão e con-servação dos recursos naturais e culturais existentes na Ilha do Ibo por forma a tornar a Ilha um destino de turismo natural e cultural reconhecido internacionalmente.
The perception of local communities about the development of tourism in Ibo Island has been made through the impacts of tourism and the sense these communities attribute to tourism. Ibo Island is located in the insular part of the Quirimbas National Park with a population of approx-imately thirteen thousand inhabitants that is dedicated to small-scale fishing, tourism and small commerce. Tourism appears as the second activity after fishing, developed by tour operators, mostly foreigners who employ local laborers such as cooks, guards, waiters, gardeners and so on. They occupy these positions because of the lower qualifications and the weak investment in education in Ibo Island. Despite these qualifications presented by the residents, in Ilha do Ibo, tourism has been an activity developed to stimulate the local economy. In addition to the direct benefits, the communities receive 20% of the revenues produced by the tour operators that are channeled to the Quirimbas National Park's working capital and then to the communities through the management committees. The thesis aims to understand how local communities perceive the development of tourism in Ibo Island. The bibliographical review on tourism obeyed a previ-ously elaborated index on themes that were treated in this work such as tourism development, the perception of the local communities on the tourism in Ibo Island and the participation of the local communities in development initiatives. We chose a qualitative paradigm that has as spe-cific characteristics the social interactions, and can be described and analyzed outside the statis-tical contexts. The techniques of data collection were bibliographic research, documentary re-search and semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected through sampling for accessi-bility and convenience and for opinion sampling. For data analysis, the content analysis grid was being used as the technique. With this study, it was possible to perceive that not all communities perceive the benefits of tourism. Only those who work in the tourist resorts and are on the boards of management are aware of the visible effects of tourism on the well-being of local communi-ties. It is recommended that local public and private entities integrate local communities in the tourism development process. From planning to implementing tourism projects, increasing their knowledge about the benefits of tourism through lectures, tourism events, art and local gastron-omy, awareness campaigns on environmental sanitation, as well as the importance on the knowledge of cultural values as a way to encourage the participation of the local community in tourism decisions.This is useful to allow them a better management and conservation of natural and cultural resources of Ibo Island in order to make the Island an internationally recognized natural and cultural tourism destination.
The perception of local communities about the development of tourism in Ibo Island has been made through the impacts of tourism and the sense these communities attribute to tourism. Ibo Island is located in the insular part of the Quirimbas National Park with a population of approx-imately thirteen thousand inhabitants that is dedicated to small-scale fishing, tourism and small commerce. Tourism appears as the second activity after fishing, developed by tour operators, mostly foreigners who employ local laborers such as cooks, guards, waiters, gardeners and so on. They occupy these positions because of the lower qualifications and the weak investment in education in Ibo Island. Despite these qualifications presented by the residents, in Ilha do Ibo, tourism has been an activity developed to stimulate the local economy. In addition to the direct benefits, the communities receive 20% of the revenues produced by the tour operators that are channeled to the Quirimbas National Park's working capital and then to the communities through the management committees. The thesis aims to understand how local communities perceive the development of tourism in Ibo Island. The bibliographical review on tourism obeyed a previ-ously elaborated index on themes that were treated in this work such as tourism development, the perception of the local communities on the tourism in Ibo Island and the participation of the local communities in development initiatives. We chose a qualitative paradigm that has as spe-cific characteristics the social interactions, and can be described and analyzed outside the statis-tical contexts. The techniques of data collection were bibliographic research, documentary re-search and semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected through sampling for accessi-bility and convenience and for opinion sampling. For data analysis, the content analysis grid was being used as the technique. With this study, it was possible to perceive that not all communities perceive the benefits of tourism. Only those who work in the tourist resorts and are on the boards of management are aware of the visible effects of tourism on the well-being of local communi-ties. It is recommended that local public and private entities integrate local communities in the tourism development process. From planning to implementing tourism projects, increasing their knowledge about the benefits of tourism through lectures, tourism events, art and local gastron-omy, awareness campaigns on environmental sanitation, as well as the importance on the knowledge of cultural values as a way to encourage the participation of the local community in tourism decisions.This is useful to allow them a better management and conservation of natural and cultural resources of Ibo Island in order to make the Island an internationally recognized natural and cultural tourism destination.
Description
Keywords
Turismo Desenvolvimento turístico Perceção Comunidades locais Participação comunitária Ilha do Ibo Moçambique Tourism development Perception of local communities on tourism Participation of local communities Ibo Island Mozambique
Citation
Maiela, Arsília Anastácio - Percepção das comunidades locais acerca do desenvolvimento do turismo na Ilha do Ibo [Em linha]. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 2020. 336 p.