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Relatos fundacionais do imaginário timorense
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Abstract(s)
Dentro da Literatura Oral Timorense os relatos fundacionais ocupam lugar distinto. Resultado de um imaginário
ancestral, as narrativas orais multiplicam-se entre os diversos grupos étnicos timorenses. Narrativas pouco
divulgadas e conhecidas apenas internamente, daí a necessidade de um estudo que as liberte desse
secretismo e que permita valorizar as suas simbologias e elementos mais recorrentes. É este o objectivo mais
amplo a que se propõe responder esta dissertação, que tratará de apresentar e de estudar mitos e lendas que
explicam a origem de aldeias, montanhas, da própria ilha de Timor, mas também a ordem actual, a criação do
Universo como o conhecemos. Ordem cósmica nestes relatos obra de deuses e seres dotados de artes
mágicas, mas também de heróis humanos que enfrentam forças adversas, possibilitando uma nova ordem e o
despoletar de novas realidades. Timor, terra do Sol Nascente, é entendido como o eixo central do Cosmos
onde ocorreram dilúvios e cataclismos, terra sagrada porque local onde os deuses, os primeiros homens,
animais e plantas surgiram nos alvores do Mundo. São esses contos, enredos e protagonistas que
procuraremos analisar nas próximas páginas.
A Literatura Oral e o Imaginário Timorense estão profundamente conectados com a Natureza e com o Sagrado,
daí convocarmos para o nosso estudo, não apenas a Literatura, mas disciplinas como a Antropologia, a
Etnologia e a História, num trabalho de interdisciplinaridade que urgia desenvolver, vendo de que forma o
homem timorense se relaciona com o meio exterior, e como narrativiza os eventos que considera mais
marcantes como a criação de lugares, fenómenos e acontecimentos ocorridos in illo tempore. Os relatos e
rituais produzidos são ainda reveladores de uma identidade que se manifesta de diferentes formas nas
expressões artísticas e religiosas, como veremos.
Os relatos fundacionais aqui estudados foram recolhidos, transcritos e preservados por autores portugueses
como Ezequiel Pascoal, Artur Sá ou Jorge Duarte, conhecedores privilegiados do imaginário timorense. Para
além destes textos, reforçámos a nossa investigação procurando narrativas noutras publicações e recolhendo
textos que, até ao presente momento, ainda não tinham sido passados para o papel.
Within the Timorese Oral Literature, the foundation narratives have a distinctive position. The oral narratives are the result of an ancestral imaginary, and they multiply themselves among the different Timorese ethnical groups. These are not very well disseminated narratives and are known only inside the country, hence the necessity of a study that not only releases them from this secretiveness, but may also view their common symbolisms and recurring elements. This is the broader objective that this study seeks to answer, that shall present and study myths and legends that explain not only the origin of villages, mountains and of the Timor island, but also the recent order, the creation of the Universe as we know it. The cosmic order in these narratives is the work of the gods and beings, which possess magical arts, and also of human heroes, that face the adverse forces, allowing a new order and the beginning of new realities. Timor, land of the Rising Sun, is understood as the central pillar of the Cosmos, where floods and terrific storms took place, sacred land, for it is a place where gods, the first men, animals and plants first appeared in the beginning of the World. These are the tales, the plot and the actors that we will analyse in the next pages. The Timorese Oral Literature and the Timorese Imaginary are deeply connected to Nature and with the Sacred, hence we call for our study not only Literature, but also disciplines like Anthropology, Ethnology and History, in an interdisciplinary work that was urgently required, as we witness how the Timorese man connects with the outside world and how he narrates the key events, as the creation of places, phenomena and events in illo tempore. The produced narrative and rituals also reveal an identity that expresses itself through different artistic and religious expressions, as we shall see. The narrative creations analysed in this study, were collected, transcribed and preserved by Portuguese authors, like Ezequiel Pascoal, Artur Sá or Jorge Duarte, connoisseurs of the Timorese imaginary. Apart from these texts, we're reinforced our research by searching for narratives in other publications and collecting texts that, until the present moment, have not yet been published.
Within the Timorese Oral Literature, the foundation narratives have a distinctive position. The oral narratives are the result of an ancestral imaginary, and they multiply themselves among the different Timorese ethnical groups. These are not very well disseminated narratives and are known only inside the country, hence the necessity of a study that not only releases them from this secretiveness, but may also view their common symbolisms and recurring elements. This is the broader objective that this study seeks to answer, that shall present and study myths and legends that explain not only the origin of villages, mountains and of the Timor island, but also the recent order, the creation of the Universe as we know it. The cosmic order in these narratives is the work of the gods and beings, which possess magical arts, and also of human heroes, that face the adverse forces, allowing a new order and the beginning of new realities. Timor, land of the Rising Sun, is understood as the central pillar of the Cosmos, where floods and terrific storms took place, sacred land, for it is a place where gods, the first men, animals and plants first appeared in the beginning of the World. These are the tales, the plot and the actors that we will analyse in the next pages. The Timorese Oral Literature and the Timorese Imaginary are deeply connected to Nature and with the Sacred, hence we call for our study not only Literature, but also disciplines like Anthropology, Ethnology and History, in an interdisciplinary work that was urgently required, as we witness how the Timorese man connects with the outside world and how he narrates the key events, as the creation of places, phenomena and events in illo tempore. The produced narrative and rituals also reveal an identity that expresses itself through different artistic and religious expressions, as we shall see. The narrative creations analysed in this study, were collected, transcribed and preserved by Portuguese authors, like Ezequiel Pascoal, Artur Sá or Jorge Duarte, connoisseurs of the Timorese imaginary. Apart from these texts, we're reinforced our research by searching for narratives in other publications and collecting texts that, until the present moment, have not yet been published.
Description
Keywords
Literatura timorense Literatura popular Oralidade Imaginário Lendas Timor-Leste Timorese imaginary Oral literature Foundational legend
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Barbosa, Vítor José da Costa - Relatos fundacionais do imaginário timorense [Em linha]. [Lisboa] : [s.n.], 2014. 187 p.