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O presente estudo centra-se nos processos migratórios contemporâneos nos países europeus, com especial atenção à forma como estes fenómenos se manifestam e são regulados no contexto português. O trabalho procura analisar algumas das principais características dos fluxos migratórios atuais, internos e externos, bem como os mecanismos de regulação adotados perante diferentes desafios sociais, económicos, políticos e institucionais.A escolha de Portugal como caso de análise justifica-se pela crescente relevância do país no contexto migratório europeu. Nos últimos anos, Portugal tem registado alterações significativas na composição da sua população estrangeira, o que torna pertinente observar de que modo as políticas de acolhimento, regularização e integração procuram responder a esta realidade em transformação.
Para desenvolver esta análise, a investigação adota uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, complementada por análise estatística descritiva. A metodologia articula análise teórica e conceptual, análise jurídico-política, método comparativo, estudo de caso e análise crítica do discurso. Esta combinação permite relacionar a evolução das políticas migratórias europeias com a sua aplicação no contexto português, tendo em conta fontes legislativas, relatórios institucionais, dados estatísticos e contributos da literatura académica.A análise teórica e conceptual será utilizada para clarificar conceitos fundamentais, como migração laboral, migração forçada, integração, securitização e governação migratória. A análise jurídico-política permite examinar os principais instrumentos normativos da União Europeia e de Portugal em matéria de migração e asilo. O método comparativo será aplicado para observar diferenças e aproximações entre modelos europeus de regulação migratória, com particular atenção ao caso português. Por sua vez, o estudo de caso ajuda compreender de forma mais concreta a evolução recente da política migratória em Portugal, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à transição do SEF para a AIMA, à digitalização dos serviços e aos desafios da integração.A investigação observa também a relação entre os processos migratórios
e a economia dos países de acolhimento, em especial no que se refere ao mercado de trabalho, à sustentabilidade demográfica e à participação dos migrantes na sociedade. Neste âmbito, são considerados diferentes tipos de migração, como a migração laboral, a migração forçada, o reagrupamento familiar e a mobilidade associada à educação ou à qualificação profissional. Outro eixo da investigação incide sobre os desafios enfrentados pelas políticas migratórias europeias e portuguesas, nomeadamente no acesso à regularização, à habitação, ao emprego, à aprendizagem da língua e aos serviços públicos. A partir desta análise procura-se refletir sobre possíveis mecanismos que possam contribuir para uma gestão migratória mais equilibrada, tendo em conta as necessidades dos migrantes, das comunidades de acolhimento e das instituições responsáveis pela sua integração No seu conjunto, o estudo pretende contribuir para uma compreensão mais aprofundada da migração enquanto fenómeno socioeconómico e político complexo. Ao articular o enquadramento europeu com o caso português, a investigação procura analisar de que forma as políticas migratórias
podem responder aos desafios contemporâneos, conciliar regulação, integração, proteção de direitos e necessidades económicas.
The following study focuses on contemporary migration processes in European countries, with particular attention to the ways in which these phenomena are manifested and regulated within the Portuguese context. The study explores some of the main characteristics of current internal and external migration flows, as well as the regulatory mechanisms adopted in response to diverse social, economic, political, and institutional challenges.The selection of Portugal as a case study is justified by the country’s increasing relevance within the European migratory landscape. In recent years, Portugal has undergone significant changes in the composition of its foreign population, making it especially pertinent to examine how reception, regularisation, and integration policies seek to address this evolving reality. In order to develop this analysis, the research adopts a qualitative methodological approach, complemented by descriptive statistical analysis. The methodology combines theoretical and conceptual analysis, legal and political analysis, the comparative method, case study research, and critical discourse analysis. This methodological framework enables the study to relate the evolution of European migration policies to their implementation in the Portuguese context, taking into consideration legislative sources, institutional reports, statistical data, and contributions from the academic literature. The theoretical and conceptual analysis is employed to clarify key concepts such as labour migration, forced migration, integration, securitisation, and migration governance. Legal and political analysis is used to analyse the main normative instruments of the European Union and Portugal in the fields of migration and asylum.The comparative method is applied to identify differences and convergences between European models of migration regulation, with particular attention to the Portuguese case. The case study approach provides a more concrete understanding of the recent development of migration policy in Portugal, particularly with regard to the transition from SEF to AIMA, the digitalisation of services, and the challenges associated with integration. The research also analyses the relationship between migration processes and the economies of host countries, especially in relation to the labour market, demographic sustainability, and migrants’ participation in society. In this regard, different forms of migration are considered, including labour migration, forced migration, family reunification, and mobility linked to education or professional qualification. Another dimension of the research focuses on the challenges faced by European and Portuguese migration policies, namely access to regularisation, housing, employment, language learning, and public services. On the basis of this analysis, the study seeks to reflect on possible mechanisms capable of contributing to a more balanced model of migration management, taking into account the needs of migrants, host communities, and the institutions responsible for their integration. This study contributes to a broader understanding of migration as a complex socioeconomic and political phenomenon. By articulating the European framework with the Portuguese case, the research analyses how migration policies may respond to contemporary challenges while reconciling regulation, integration, the protection of rights, and economic needs.
The following study focuses on contemporary migration processes in European countries, with particular attention to the ways in which these phenomena are manifested and regulated within the Portuguese context. The study explores some of the main characteristics of current internal and external migration flows, as well as the regulatory mechanisms adopted in response to diverse social, economic, political, and institutional challenges.The selection of Portugal as a case study is justified by the country’s increasing relevance within the European migratory landscape. In recent years, Portugal has undergone significant changes in the composition of its foreign population, making it especially pertinent to examine how reception, regularisation, and integration policies seek to address this evolving reality. In order to develop this analysis, the research adopts a qualitative methodological approach, complemented by descriptive statistical analysis. The methodology combines theoretical and conceptual analysis, legal and political analysis, the comparative method, case study research, and critical discourse analysis. This methodological framework enables the study to relate the evolution of European migration policies to their implementation in the Portuguese context, taking into consideration legislative sources, institutional reports, statistical data, and contributions from the academic literature. The theoretical and conceptual analysis is employed to clarify key concepts such as labour migration, forced migration, integration, securitisation, and migration governance. Legal and political analysis is used to analyse the main normative instruments of the European Union and Portugal in the fields of migration and asylum.The comparative method is applied to identify differences and convergences between European models of migration regulation, with particular attention to the Portuguese case. The case study approach provides a more concrete understanding of the recent development of migration policy in Portugal, particularly with regard to the transition from SEF to AIMA, the digitalisation of services, and the challenges associated with integration. The research also analyses the relationship between migration processes and the economies of host countries, especially in relation to the labour market, demographic sustainability, and migrants’ participation in society. In this regard, different forms of migration are considered, including labour migration, forced migration, family reunification, and mobility linked to education or professional qualification. Another dimension of the research focuses on the challenges faced by European and Portuguese migration policies, namely access to regularisation, housing, employment, language learning, and public services. On the basis of this analysis, the study seeks to reflect on possible mechanisms capable of contributing to a more balanced model of migration management, taking into account the needs of migrants, host communities, and the institutions responsible for their integration. This study contributes to a broader understanding of migration as a complex socioeconomic and political phenomenon. By articulating the European framework with the Portuguese case, the research analyses how migration policies may respond to contemporary challenges while reconciling regulation, integration, the protection of rights, and economic needs.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado em Estudos sobre a Europa, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Migração Governação migratória Integração Migração laboral Portugal União Europeia Migration European Union Migration governance Integration Labour migration
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC