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O presente estudo discorre sobre a arquitetura civil referente ao período colonial brasileiro na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Tem como objetivo principal registar a memória e a identidade do património histórico de Salvador, através das suas edificações civis construídas nos séculos XVII e XVIII, e classificadas como património histórico. Vinte e oito destas, subdivididas em casas, sobrados, solares e palácios, integrantes de um passado importante, que ainda compõem o atual cenário da cidade. Além de apresentar a história da construção e utilização, este estudo analisa e compara as características e formas arquitetónicas destas edificações. Inicialmente, realiza-se uma abordagem histórica, mais precisamente, no início do século XVI, com a chegada dos portugueses à Ilha de Vera Cruz, primeiro nome dado ao Brasil. Pontuam-se factos importantes que resultaram na fundação da Cidade do Salvador, com destaque ao seu traçado urbano, ocupação e desenvolvimento. Enquanto a Europa se encontrava no auge do Renascimento, a arquitetura de Salvador era extremamente simples, adaptada às condições económicas e técnicas da época. A partir do século XVII, surge um padrão mais definido nas construções, sendo o século XVIII, o período do apogeu, evidenciado na Arquitetura Barroca, tanto nos edifícios religiosos, quanto nos civis. A estruturação do trabalho parte de uma investigação e caracterização da arquitetura colonial de Salvador, que contrasta com a realidade atual, que precisa ser reconhecida e valorizada pela população local, bem como pelos visitantes.
This study examines the civil architecture of the Brazilian colonial period in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Its primary objective is to document the memory and identity of Salvador’s historical heritage through its civil buildings constructed in the 17th and 18th centuries, which are classified as historical landmarks. Twenty-eight of these structures—houses, town houses, manor houses, and palaces—are remnants of an important past and still shape the city’s current landscape. In addition to presenting the history of their construction and use, this study analyses and compares the architectural features and forms of these buildings. The thesis begins with a historical overview, specifically in the early 16th century, with the arrival of the Portuguese on the Island of Vera Cruz, the first name given to Brazil. Key events that led to the founding of the city of Salvador are highlighted, particularly its urban layout, settlement, and development. While Europe was at the height of the Renaissance, Salvador’s architecture was elementary, adapted to the economic and technical conditions of the time. By the 17th century, a more defined architectural style emerged, and the 18th century marked its peak, evident in Baroque architecture in both religious and civil buildings. The structure of this study is based on an investigation and characterization of Salvador’s colonial architecture, which contrasts with the present-day reality—a heritage that must be recognized and valued by the local population as well as by visitors.
This study examines the civil architecture of the Brazilian colonial period in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Its primary objective is to document the memory and identity of Salvador’s historical heritage through its civil buildings constructed in the 17th and 18th centuries, which are classified as historical landmarks. Twenty-eight of these structures—houses, town houses, manor houses, and palaces—are remnants of an important past and still shape the city’s current landscape. In addition to presenting the history of their construction and use, this study analyses and compares the architectural features and forms of these buildings. The thesis begins with a historical overview, specifically in the early 16th century, with the arrival of the Portuguese on the Island of Vera Cruz, the first name given to Brazil. Key events that led to the founding of the city of Salvador are highlighted, particularly its urban layout, settlement, and development. While Europe was at the height of the Renaissance, Salvador’s architecture was elementary, adapted to the economic and technical conditions of the time. By the 17th century, a more defined architectural style emerged, and the 18th century marked its peak, evident in Baroque architecture in both religious and civil buildings. The structure of this study is based on an investigation and characterization of Salvador’s colonial architecture, which contrasts with the present-day reality—a heritage that must be recognized and valued by the local population as well as by visitors.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em História, na especialidade de Estudos Avançados do Património, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Arquitetura civil Período colonial Barroco Salvador Civil architecture Colonial period Baroque