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Processos de construções identitárias em contextos atuais e fronteiriços: um estudo etnográfico sobre as manifestações culturais e artísticas do Campo de Gibraltar
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A compreensão dos processos de construção identitária exige uma perspetiva situada, capaz de articular os contextos históricos, sociais e simbólicos que se manifestam nas experiências individuais e coletivas. Situado no sul de Espanha, o Campo de Gibraltar constitui um espaço de contrastes, cuja dinâmica reflete a sua condição de território transfronteiriço e coloca a região num processo contínuo de reconfiguração, no qual se entrelaçam tradição e modernidade, tensões fronteiriças e interações sociais.
Considerando o carácter plural da região – moldado pela influência do território britânico de Gibraltar e pelos costumes enraizados na cultura andaluza –, procedeu-se à análise das manifestações culturais e artísticas mais representativas das localidades mais permeadas pelas dinâmicas fronteiriças, nomeadamente: Los Barrios, São Roque, Algeciras e La Línea. Mediante uma abordagem qualitativa e um estudo etnográfico, procurou-se compreender de que modo valores, crenças e práticas simbólicas produzem significados partilhados e reforçam os laços identitários coletivos.
Os resultados evidenciam a existência de uma identidade comum campogibraltarina, sustentada pela presença das instituições locais na preservação das suas festividades mais significativas – tanto religiosas como profanas – e de expressões artísticas de matriz andaluza, como o flamenco. Esta dinâmica garante não apenas a salvaguarda da memória coletiva, como sua renovação geracional. Tais manifestações consolidam o imaginário coletivo e promovem uma idiossincrasia localizada. Esta condição liminar, situada entre o pertencimento e a deslocação, confere à região um carácter híbrido e relacional, em que as fronteiras deixam de representar uma mera separação e assumem-se como pontes simbólicas entre mundos culturais distintos.
Understanding the processes of identity construction requires a situated perspective capable of articulating the historical, social, and symbolic contexts manifested in individual and collective experiences. Located in southern Spain, the Campo de Gibraltar constitutes a space of contrasts whose dynamics reflect its condition as a cross-border territory, placing the region in a continuous process of reconfiguration in which tradition and modernity, border tensions, and social interactions intertwine. Considering the plural character of the region – shaped by the influence of the British territory of Gibraltar and by customs deeply rooted in Andalusian culture – this study analyses the most representative cultural and artistic manifestations of the localities most permeated by border dynamics, namely Los Barrios, San Roque, Algeciras, and La Línea. Through a qualitative approach and an ethnographic study, the research seeks to understand how values, beliefs, and symbolic practices produce shared meanings and reinforce collective identity bonds. The findings reveal the existence of a shared campogibraltarino identity, sustained by the role of local institutions in preserving its most significant festivities – both religious and profane– as well as Andalusian-rooted artistic expressions such as flamenco. This dynamic ensures not only the safeguarding of collective memory but also its generational renewal. Such manifestations consolidate the collective imaginary by promoting a localized idiosyncrasy. This liminal condition, situated between belonging and displacement, endows the region with a hybrid and relational character, in which borders cease to represent mere separation and instead emerge as symbolic bridges between distinct cultural worlds.
Understanding the processes of identity construction requires a situated perspective capable of articulating the historical, social, and symbolic contexts manifested in individual and collective experiences. Located in southern Spain, the Campo de Gibraltar constitutes a space of contrasts whose dynamics reflect its condition as a cross-border territory, placing the region in a continuous process of reconfiguration in which tradition and modernity, border tensions, and social interactions intertwine. Considering the plural character of the region – shaped by the influence of the British territory of Gibraltar and by customs deeply rooted in Andalusian culture – this study analyses the most representative cultural and artistic manifestations of the localities most permeated by border dynamics, namely Los Barrios, San Roque, Algeciras, and La Línea. Through a qualitative approach and an ethnographic study, the research seeks to understand how values, beliefs, and symbolic practices produce shared meanings and reinforce collective identity bonds. The findings reveal the existence of a shared campogibraltarino identity, sustained by the role of local institutions in preserving its most significant festivities – both religious and profane– as well as Andalusian-rooted artistic expressions such as flamenco. This dynamic ensures not only the safeguarding of collective memory but also its generational renewal. Such manifestations consolidate the collective imaginary by promoting a localized idiosyncrasy. This liminal condition, situated between belonging and displacement, endows the region with a hybrid and relational character, in which borders cease to represent mere separation and instead emerge as symbolic bridges between distinct cultural worlds.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Relações Interculturais, apresentada à Universidade Aberta
Palavras-chave
Culturas Identidade Festividades Expressão artística Campo de Gibraltar Cultures Identities Festivities Artistic expressions