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Abstract(s)
A comunidade muçulmana da Bósnia e Herzegóvina é algo peculiar. É difícil defini-la
do ponto de vista das duas grandes cisões do Islão, sunita e xiita. Sendo maioritariamente
sunita sempre praticou um islamismo, de certo modo, contido no seu âmago, fruto de anos de
repressão dos governos comunistas. A política agregadora de Tito manteve as religiões fora
da identidade da Jugoslávia e a sua queda potenciou a cisão. A cisão deu-se com a guerra. O
ódio instalou-se nas comunidades e o extremismo islâmico cresceu exponencialmente fruto
da chegada dos mujahidin e da necessidade de identificação com um ideal que os motivasse
na sua sobrevivência como povo e comunidade.
A guerra terminou, mas os extremistas ficaram, e como um cancro, minaram a
sociedade jugoslava, seja na Bósnia e Herzegóvina, seja no Kosovo. É com este fenómeno
que a União Europeia tem que lidar e temos que estar preparados para o saber analisar
corretamente e encontrar soluções que minimizem o impacto na nossa sociedade, nunca
descurando a segurança e a identidade dos nossos cidadãos, pilar essencial para uma
Europa próspera.
Pretende-se assim que, através de entrevistas, questionários, análise de fontes abertas
e uma investigação académica, apoiada numa análise de risco localizada, chegarmos a uma
conclusão que sirva de ponto de partida para a resolução política de um problema que afeta a
sociedade europeia desde o 11/9.
The Bosnian Muslim community is very peculiar. It´s difficult to define it, in the Sunni and xii point of view. It´s majority is Sunni, and they have always seen Islam in a very moderate way, the consequence of years of repression from communist governments. Tito has kept the religions out of the Yugoslavian identity and his fall broke de bonds that used to keep the law and order. The war started the split. The hate broke into the communities, and the Islamic extremism grew exponentially because of the mujahidin arrival and the need to identify themselves with an ideal that motivates them in the path to their survival as a community. The war was over but the extremists stayed and, as a cancer, mined the Yugoslavian society, in Bosnia and in Kosovo. It´s with this phenomenon that the European Union has deal with, and we have to be prepared to know how to analyze it correctly and seek for solutions that minimize the impact at our society, never forgetting the security and the identity of our beloved citizens, the most important pillar for a prosper Europe. We hope that, through interviews, questionaries, open sources analysis, and an academic investigation of a located risk analysis, get to a conclusion that could be a starting point of a political resolution that affects the European society since 9/11.
The Bosnian Muslim community is very peculiar. It´s difficult to define it, in the Sunni and xii point of view. It´s majority is Sunni, and they have always seen Islam in a very moderate way, the consequence of years of repression from communist governments. Tito has kept the religions out of the Yugoslavian identity and his fall broke de bonds that used to keep the law and order. The war started the split. The hate broke into the communities, and the Islamic extremism grew exponentially because of the mujahidin arrival and the need to identify themselves with an ideal that motivates them in the path to their survival as a community. The war was over but the extremists stayed and, as a cancer, mined the Yugoslavian society, in Bosnia and in Kosovo. It´s with this phenomenon that the European Union has deal with, and we have to be prepared to know how to analyze it correctly and seek for solutions that minimize the impact at our society, never forgetting the security and the identity of our beloved citizens, the most important pillar for a prosper Europe. We hope that, through interviews, questionaries, open sources analysis, and an academic investigation of a located risk analysis, get to a conclusion that could be a starting point of a political resolution that affects the European society since 9/11.
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Keywords
Comunidade muçulmana Islamismo Mujahidin Identidade Segurança Bósnia-Herzegovina Europa Islam Security Identity Europe