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Biodiversidade em ambiente urbano, espaços verdes urbanos e sustentabilidade: caso de estudo da cidade de Maputo em Moçambique
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Abstract(s)
O Município de Maputo, localizado no sul de Moçambique, tem uma superfície de cerca de 347 km2, uma população estimada em 1.127.565 habitantes, e está em desenvolvimento com a implantação de infra-estruturas urbanas constituídas por serviços básicos indispensáveis. O desenvolvimento urbano diminui as áreas de ocorrência da biodiversidade e espaços verdes, elementos fundamentais para a manutenção da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos através dos serviços de ecossistemas. A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objectivo de compreender como é que o Município e Munícipes da Cidade de Maputo valorizam a biodiversidade e os espaços verdes para garantir a sua sustentabilidade e benefício para as gerações actuais e vindouras. Os dados foram recolhidos por amostragem não probabilística, isto é, por conveniência e bola de neve, com aplicação de inquéritos por entrevista a 132 pessoas, das quais 38 mulheres, entre conservacionistas, agricultores, militares, religiosos e cidadãos comuns. Foi também feita pesquisa bibliográfica e observação de campo. Com os dados recolhidos seguiu-se a análise de conteúdo e sistematização em tabelas (Excel) sendo produzidos os respectivos gráficos. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram que a composição actual da biodiversidade nos espaços verdes é constituída por plantas autóctones e exóticas. Dos entrevistados, 87% não tem conhecimento sobre as plantas existentes e os critérios usados para manter e conservar os espaços verdes e a biodiversidade.
Quanto às estratégias para conservar e manter os espaços verdes e biodiversidade urbana, 57% dos entrevistados não tem conhecimento, embora 43% tenham reconhecido iniciativas individuais, colectivas e institucionais. Os entrevistados mostraram ter conhecimento dos valores da biodiversidade / serviços de ecossistema de regulação, estético, cultural e educacional, aprovisionamento e de suporte, com percentagens que variaram de 60 a 92%. à Das causas percecionadas a conservação da biodiversidade, destacaram-se, a falta de conhecimento (38%), o crescimento da população humana (37%), poluição e saneamento do meio deficiente (30%), governação, políticas e recursos humanos (26%). Relativamente as propostas para melhorar a conservação e manutenção dos espaços verdes e biodiversidade, os inquiridos sugeriram a elaboração de uma estratégia de comunicação e sensibilização (69%), o restauro da vegetação autóctone (59%), e a melhoria da governância e das políticas ambientais (40%).
The Maputo Municipality is located in the south of Mozambique, has a surface of around 347 km2, an estimated population of 1,127,565 inhabitants, and is developing with the implementation of urban infrastructures consisting of essential basic services. Development reduces the areas where biodiversity and green spaces occur, which are fundamental elements for maintaining citizens' quality of life through ecosystem services. This research was carried out with the aim of understanding how the Municipality and Residents of the City of Maputo value biodiversity and green spaces to guarantee their sustainability and benefit for current and future generations. The data were collected by non-probabilistic, convenience and snowball sampling, based on interview surveys with 132 people, of which 38 were women, including conservationists, farmers, military, religious and ordinary citizens. Secondary sources of information were consulted and direct observation were made along the research. Content analysis and systematization into tables (Excel) followed with the data collected and respective graphs were produced. The research results revealed that the current composition of biodiversity in green spaces is made up of autochthonous and exotic plants and dominated by birdlife. Most interviewees, 87% do not have knowledge about existing plants and the criteria used to maintain and conserve green spaces and biodiversity. Regarding the strategies used to conserve and maintain green spaces and urban biodiversity, 57% of those interviewed are not aware, although individual, collective and institutional initiatives are recognized (43%). Respondents demonstrated knowledge of the values of biodiversity, namely regulatory, aesthetic, cultural and educational, supply and support ecosystem services, with percentages ranging between 60 and 92%. Of the perceived causes to biodiversity conservation, the highlights were the lack of knowledge (38%), the growth of the human population (37%), pollution and poor environmental sanitation (30%), governance, policies and human resources (26%). Regarding proposals to improve the conservation and maintenance of green spaces and biodiversity, respondents suggested the development of a communication and awareness strategy (69%), the restoration of native vegetation (59%), and the improvement of governance and policies environmental (40%).
The Maputo Municipality is located in the south of Mozambique, has a surface of around 347 km2, an estimated population of 1,127,565 inhabitants, and is developing with the implementation of urban infrastructures consisting of essential basic services. Development reduces the areas where biodiversity and green spaces occur, which are fundamental elements for maintaining citizens' quality of life through ecosystem services. This research was carried out with the aim of understanding how the Municipality and Residents of the City of Maputo value biodiversity and green spaces to guarantee their sustainability and benefit for current and future generations. The data were collected by non-probabilistic, convenience and snowball sampling, based on interview surveys with 132 people, of which 38 were women, including conservationists, farmers, military, religious and ordinary citizens. Secondary sources of information were consulted and direct observation were made along the research. Content analysis and systematization into tables (Excel) followed with the data collected and respective graphs were produced. The research results revealed that the current composition of biodiversity in green spaces is made up of autochthonous and exotic plants and dominated by birdlife. Most interviewees, 87% do not have knowledge about existing plants and the criteria used to maintain and conserve green spaces and biodiversity. Regarding the strategies used to conserve and maintain green spaces and urban biodiversity, 57% of those interviewed are not aware, although individual, collective and institutional initiatives are recognized (43%). Respondents demonstrated knowledge of the values of biodiversity, namely regulatory, aesthetic, cultural and educational, supply and support ecosystem services, with percentages ranging between 60 and 92%. Of the perceived causes to biodiversity conservation, the highlights were the lack of knowledge (38%), the growth of the human population (37%), pollution and poor environmental sanitation (30%), governance, policies and human resources (26%). Regarding proposals to improve the conservation and maintenance of green spaces and biodiversity, respondents suggested the development of a communication and awareness strategy (69%), the restoration of native vegetation (59%), and the improvement of governance and policies environmental (40%).
Description
Keywords
Biodiversidade urbana Espaços verdes urbanos Valorização da biodiversidade urbana Sustentabilidade urbana Moçambique Urban Biodiversity Urban green spaces Valorization of urban biodiversity Urban sustainability
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Miguel, Cornélio Coelho - Biodiversidade em ambiente urbano, espaços verdes urbanos e sustentabilidade [Em linha]: caso de estudo da cidade de Maputo em Moçambique. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 2024. 139 p.