Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-05"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 35
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Castelos pré-históricos no Baixo Tejo e no Litoral Atlântico: consequências da intensificação económica e da competição social do 3.º milénio a.C.Publication . Cardoso, João LuísIn Estremadura, there are three major Chalcolithic fortified settlements, which are also those that have been studied for the longest time. Although they adopted common architectural solutions, they evolved independently, starting with the need to adapt to the natural geomorphological conditions prevailing in each case. Leceia, Zambujal and Vila Nova de São Pedro are clear examples of how, in Lower Estremadura, during the Chalcolithic, the traditional concepts of “fortification”, “interaction” and “economic intensification” were strongly interdependent: although there could be interaction and economic intensification without fortification, the reverse does not seem possible for the period and region in question, as clearly is provd by the archaeological evidence.
- Um caso de estudo na pré-história da cidade de Lisboa: o celeiro da Travessa das Dores e os campos de cultivo do Rio SecoPublication . Cardoso, João Luís; Neto, Nuno; Rebelo, PauloThe Neo-Chalcolithic site of Travessa das Dores is the first to be recognised in the urban area of Lisbon with prehistoric storage and defence structures, closely interconnected, constituting without doubt the most important vestige of the settlement of that period studied to date. To increase the scientific importance of this site, a large adjacent area, called Rio Seco, was identified and excavated a few years later, in which, among others, several large dry stone walls were identified, some rectilinear, others arched, indicating the existence of boundary walls or supporting walls for agricultural plots, whose presence is justified by the basaltic soils present locally, of high agricultural suitability. Therefore, while Travessa das Dores was the storage site, Rio Seco was the site of the respective agricultural productions, thus constituting evidence, until now unknown in portuguese and even international archaeology, of the direct relationship between these two realities, relating to a single prehistoric community, based there in the transition from the fourth to the third millennium BC.
- Túmulos para os mortos: grutas naturais, grutas artificiais, monumentos megalíticos e de falsa cúpulaPublication . Cardoso, João LuísThe different ways of burying the dead documented in Portuguese territory are characterized, from the Early Neolithic to the end of the Chalcolithic, both in individual graves and in collective necropolises, using different sepulchral constructions: natural caves, artificial caves, dolmens and false vault graves (tholoi), revealing different traditions and cultural influences.
- «Estradas que caminham»: o Rio Tejo, palco de encontros no ano mil antes de CristoPublication . Vilaça, Raquel; Cardoso, João LuísFrom the border, when it enters Portuguese territory, to the estuary area, the Tagus is approximately 230 km long. Upstream, in its international stretch, it is a river that runs narrowly and embedded in the plateaus of the Hesperic Massif, while downstream, after the mouth of the Zêzere, it becomes a plain river, entering the Cenozoic Basin and ending in a wide inland estuary near Lisbon. For the period in question, between the 13th and 9th centuries BC, the characteristics of the river were different: the ancient Tagus estuary was wider and deeper, as a result of less silting, which began in Mesolithic times and has not stopped until today. The communities, fully hierarchical and through their elites, established contacts, traveled, produced and exchanged goods of various natures, which circulated between sometimes very distant regions. It is in this particular case that it makes perfect sense to look at the river as a true “road that walks”.
- A presença do biface em território português. O faz-tudo, ou a generalização mundial de uma ferramenta há mais de 700 000 anosPublication . Bicho, Nuno; Cardoso, João LuísThe ability to teach, learn and innovate was what allowed humans to become the dominant species on the planet and the biface was, together with fire, one of the main elements in the discovery and technical innovation that allowed the evolution of humanity at the beginning of our history.
- As sociedades complexas do 3.º milénio a.C. e a questão campaniformePublication . Cardoso, João LuísIn the 150 years following the collection of the first fragments of bell-beaker ceramics in Portuguese territory, few studies were presented on these manifestations, with emphasis on those produced by Octávio da Veiga Ferreira (1966) and Richard J. Harrison (1977). The Author also produced several studies on this subject, which became increasingly complex as the data accumulated, This short essay corresponds to an updated synthesis on this very discussed topic, which is of interest to the entire European continent.
- A arqueologia no Museu Geológico do LNEG – LisboaPublication . Cardoso, João LuísThe archaeological activity of the current National Energy and Geology Laboratory (LNEG), the legitimate heir to a long and prestigious scientific tradition, dates back to 1857, the year in which the 2nd Geological Commission of Portugal was founded. From the very beginning, it took on the research of one of the most controversial issues that filled the debates of scientific societies throughout the second half of the 19th century: the demonstration of the antiquity of the human species, which was then one of the main concerns of Western science. Today, in addition to the explanatory news of the Geological Map of Portugal at a scale of 1/50,000, where archaeology continues to be represented, the Institution's activity in the field of Archaeology continues to be relevant, supporting the research work carried out at the Museum, which continues to be highly sought after by national and foreign specialists, as well as by students at various levels of education and the general public.
- Exposições de arqueologia da Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena. Centro de Estudos Arqueológicos do Concelho de Oeiras/Câmara Municipal de OeirasPublication . Cardoso, João LuísThe archaeological exhibitions open to the public at the Barcarena Gunpowder Factory, managed by the Oeiras Municipality Archaeological Studies Centre/Oeiras Municipal Council (CEACO/CMO), illustrate the past of human occupation of the current territory of Oeiras, based on material remains recovered from excavations carried out under the auspices of CEACO.
- The symbiotic relationship between institutions and governance: a critical analysis of power, legitimacy, and democratic performancePublication . Jacquinet, MarcThis essay examines the intricate relationships between institutions and governance, exploring how formal and informal institutional arrangements shape governmental effectiveness, democratic legitimacy, and policy outcomes. Through a comprehensive analysis of theoretical frameworks, empirical evidence, and comparative case studies, this work demonstrates that institutions serve as both constraining and enabling structures that fundamentally determine the quality of governance. The analysis reveals that while strong institutions can enhance democratic performance and state capacity, institutional design choices reflect underlying power dynamics and can perpetuate inequalities. This investigation contributes to ongoing debates about institutional reform, democratic consolidation, and the optimization of governance systems in diverse political contexts.
- Os primeiros metalurgistas no sul peninsularPublication . Soares, António; Cardoso, João LuísCopper was the first metal to be intentionally obtained, with the first manifestations of its metallurgy appearing in the archaeological record in contexts of the Portuguese territory dating back to the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. On the other hand, taking into account the sets of artefacts and contexts associated with these remains, it becomes possible to determine the function and use of copper. It is thus possible to infer and/or interpret, on solid grounds, the impact of metallurgy on the development of human communities, since the earliest times of the emergence and use of the metal.