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- Práticas colaborativas de ensino e aprendizagem: perspetivas de professores de primeiro e segundo ciclos do Ensino Básico : um estudo de casoPublication . Saraiva, Isabel Maria dos Santos Tomás; Seabra, Filipa; Inês, Helena Natália PereiraEste estudo pretendeu perceber como tem sido feita a implementação do projeto Aprender em Círculo no Agrupamento de Escolas A. Esse projeto tem tentado dar respostas a um conjunto de necessidades sentidas no agrupamento, em geral, e por um grupo de professores, em particular. O estudo incidiu no trabalho das equipas educativas (professores de turmas dos 1º e 2º ciclos), na implementação de metodologias diferenciadas e diferenciadoras, promotoras de aprendizagens significativas, de modo especial as práticas colaborativas de ensino e aprendizagem. Pretendeu-se responder a um conjunto de cinco questões de partida, relacionando as práticas colaborativas, implementadas pelas equipas pedagógicas, com a Supervisão Pedagógica, a experiência do trabalho a pares, bem como a integração de novos professores nas equipas. Foram definidos sete objetivos gerais, com os quais se pretendeu perceber: o modo de implementação do projeto, as conceções e as experiências de supervisão por parte dos professores envolvidos no projeto, o reconhecimento do trabalho de pares como prática supervisiva, as consequências desse trabalho de pares, quer para os professores, quer para os alunos e, ainda, a forma de integração de novos docentes. Em relação à Metodologia, realizou-se um estudo de caso, inserido no paradigma interpretativo, recorrendo a métodos mistos. Face aos objetivos definidos, delineámos uma metodologia mista de investigação, fazendo recurso da entrevista, do inquérito por questionário e da análise documental como técnicas de recolha de dados, e da análise estatística (descritiva) e da análise de conteúdo como técnicas de análise de dados. Em concreto, elaborámos um questionário com base nos objetivos da investigação, que foi aplicado a professores (n=15) do ensino básico (1º e 2º ciclo), do agrupamento A, assim como uma entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a docentes dos mesmos níveis (n=6). Quanto à análise documental, incidiu sobre um corpus de documentos legais nacionais e relatórios de acompanhamento da implementação do projeto. Os resultados do estudo apontam no sentido da valorização do trabalho de pares dos professores. A Supervisão Pedagógica é vista como parte integrante do processo, acontecendo naturalmente entre os intervenientes.
- Inhomogenous amrketing mix diffusionPublication . Pinto, Luís G.; Cavique, Luís; Gomes, Orlando; Santos, Jorge M. A.In this article we extend the Marketing Mix Diffusion (MMD) model to inhomogenous networks (i.e. complex networks of arbitrary topology). The (Homogenous) MMD model is an innovation diffusion model, similar to the Bass model, which includes four decision variables (the 4Ps of Marketing: Product, Price, Place, Promotion). We introduce the Inhomogenous MMD (IMMD) model and we conduct two separate experiments: one based on simulation and another one relying on empirical evidence. The simulation study compares the behavior of the IMMD model with the classic Bass diffusion model. Results suggest that the classic Bass model is able to represent the IMMD curves quite well in most cases. The IMMD is more general and capable of representing extreme scenarios. The empirical study focuses on the geographic diffusion of mobile broadband technology in Japan, combining adoption data with a spatial network of municipalities. The in-sample performance of the model is comparable to the existing methods, which suggests a good explanatory power of the IMMD model.
- The role of passion and self-efficacy in entrepreneurial activities in the gig economy: an unsupervised machine learning analysis with topic modelingPublication . Silva, Bruno C.; Moreira, AntonioThis research examines passion and self-efficacy through experience and knowledge, as motivational factors that support entrepreneurs within the gig economy (GE). It sheds light on entrepreneurs’ sources of passion in the GE literature. The sample is composed of all the 1164 entrepreneurship activities offered worldwide through Airbnb, Tour by Locals, and Withlocals on 5 May 2022. The study is supported by unsupervised machine learning models and seeks to find latent topics emerging from the analysis of the entrepreneurs’ descriptions and exposes the main correlated clustered dimensions. There are six main motivators behind GE platforms as a first step toward entrepreneurship: Experience, Passion for share, Knowledge, Classic traditions, Empowered community and local activities, and Well-being. It also confirms the correlation between passion and self-efficacy through experience, pointing them as main factors behind entrepreneurship in the GE. Five of the six sources of passion previously pointed by theory were found: Passion for growth, for people, for product/service, for innovation and for social mission. This study discloses self-efficacy and the sources of passion and points directions to practitioners involved in entrepreneurial activities in the GE ecosystem. This work used machine learning models to access quantitatively a paradigm that is inductive by nature. The results point to well-being as a significant factor to be addressed in future research regarding entrepreneurship. This research only studies individuals involved in the GE; as such, further studies should cohort new populations from different fields.
- Profitability of microfinance institutions and borrowers: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Fonseca, Salvador; Moreira, Antonio; Mota, JorgeUsing the SCOPUS database, this paper conducts a systematic literature review to identify the drivers of financial profitability for both microfinance institutions (MFIs) and borrowers. Among the 174 papers reviewed, 39 addressed the profitability drivers of MFIs and borrowers. For, MFIs several factors stand out: financing for women and group credit, portfolio quality; client monitoring; appropriate active and passive interest rates; and control of operating costs. For borrowers, training in small business management; the generation of innovative and well-structured business ideas, access to microcredit and adequate passive interest rate, monitoring by MFIs and investment-focused credit, are found to drive profitability without jeopardizing their scope and depth of their operations. In this way the MFIs can grow and expand their services in a financially sustainable way, and better serve excluded individuals. These results may provide a valuable framework to MFIs and borrowers to consider in their activities. Additionally, the findings are valuable also to policymakers when designing microfinance policies aimed at poverty reduction. A possible conjecture resulting from this study is that the financial sustainability of microfinance does not lie in subsidization, but in the application of market rules. By identifying two sets of factors that drive profitability, for MFIs and for borrowers, this paper provides an interface that incorporates measurement indicators.
- Drivers and obstacles on refugee entrepreneurship: the host country perspectivePublication . Reis, Ana Paula; Sá, Ines; Costa, Rosa M.; Moreira, AntonioRefugee entrepreneurship encompasses the enterprising endeavors undertaken by individuals forced to flee their home countries. This research area has gained scholarly traction due to its profound relevance in the socio-economic perspective. To provide a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon, a thorough systematic literature review was conducted, drawing upon the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The review scrutinized a corpus of 57 scholarly articles, which were analyzed and categorized into two main themes: the profile of refugees regarding their entrepreneurial intentions, and the contextual factors within the host countries that either facilitate or impede their entrepreneurial pursuits. Refugee entrepreneurship is associated with the necessity-driven perspective, as individuals often embark on entrepreneurial ventures due to the shortage of viable employment opportunities in their host countries. However, there exists a nuanced perspective wherein some refugees leverage their innate entrepreneurial traits, finding resonance between the economic landscapes of their home and host countries. Nevertheless, the inception of entrepreneurial endeavors is invariably accompanied by some obstacles, spanning legal, financial, and socio-economic domains. These obstacles do not deter the entrepreneurial spirit ingrained within many refugees. Instead, they serve as catalysts for resilience and innovation, prompting the formulation of adaptive strategies to surmount barriers and carve out pathways to success, underscoring the economic activity of displaced individuals and exemplifying their capacity to effectuate positive change amidst adversity.