Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-04"
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- Arqueologia em Espanha e Portugal através da correspondência de Julio Martínez Santa‑Olalla (1905‑1972) de e para arqueólogos portuguesesPublication . Martín, Alfredo Mederos; Cardoso, João LuísJulio Martínez Santa-Olalla (1905-1972), the Spanish Commissioner General of Archaeological Excavations (1939-1956) and acting Full Professor of Primitive History of Man at the University of Madrid (1939-1954), was an amateur archaeologist since he was very young. After studying at the universities of Madrid, Barcelona and Valladolid (1923-26), Santa-Olalla obtained a position as a lecturer at the University of Bonn (Germany) between 1927 and 1931. He defended his doctoral thesis in Spain (1932) and became Hugo Obermaier’s assistant (1931-32), Assistant Professor (1932-36), secretary of the Spanish Society of Anthropology, Ethnography and Prehistory (1935) and Full Professor of Archaeology at the University of Santiago de Compostela (1936). This enabled him to join the Association of Portuguese Archaeologists in 1934 and the Portuguese Society of Anthropology and Ethnology in 1938. In 1944, 1945 and 1947 he visited Portugal, lecturing in Lisbon, Coimbra and Oporto, but was unable to undertake other trips planned for 1945 and 1948. His correspondence shows that he maintained relations with the leading Portuguese archaeologists of the time, although he kept a more distant relationship with Veiga Ferreira. He had a special interest in the Chalcolithic and Late Bronze Age phases of Portuguese archaeology.
- Da Alta Idade Média à Época Contemporânea: resultados dos trabalhos arqueológicos realizados no Centro Histórico de Oeiras (rua das Alcássimas) entre 2000 e 2007Publication . Cardoso, João Luís; Batalha, Luísa; Cardoso, Guilherme; André, Maria da ConceiçãoWe present the study of post-Roman remains exhumed in excavations carried out between 2000 and 2007 in the Historic Center of Oeiras, in the space previously occupied by a Roman villa famous, for the mosaic found there in 1903 and attributable to the 3rd century AD. The most important conclusion to highlight from this contribution, which follows the publication in 2020 of another archaeological set collected in a nearby location, was the confirmation of the continuous presence communities in that same space until the present day. In fact, remains from the High Middle Ages, the Islamic period, the Christian medieval period, the Modern Period and the Contemporary Period were identified. In this way, the continuity of the urban occupation of the town of Oeiras was demonstrated since the fall of the Roman Empire, a reality now proven through the archaeological works carried out by the Center for Archaeological Studies of the Municipality of Oeiras.
- A conferência de Martinho de Mendonça de Pina e de Proença Homem de 30 de Julho de 1733 na Academia Real da História Portuguesa, ou o primeiro ensaio pré‑científico sobre a antiguidade dos dólmenesPublication . Cardoso, João LuísUntil the middle of the 19th century no monuments attributed to prehistoric times were identified in Europe, given that the notion of Prehistory, associated with the antiquity of the human species, only emerged by then. Notwithstanding, some 120 years before Martinho de Mendonça de Pina e de Proença, from the Royal Academy of Portuguese History, had already reached some coherent conclusions regarding prehistoric monuments, despite lacking the scientific basis that could lead to their correct interpretation. His essay on dolmens, which was the subject of the lecture he gave at the Royal Academy on July 30, 1733, embodied, 300 years ago, a genuine desire to explain the observable reality in rational terms, rejecting ancient dogmas or beliefs of religious or profane nature. This is indeed one of the most relevant aspects of his contribution, as he sought to determine antiquity of dolmens on the basis of objective criteria. To this end, he valued both the biblical information and the empirical evidence he had observed.
- Os enigmáticos “báculos” de xisto pré‑históricos: a propósito de um exemplar da Lapa da Galinha (Alcanena)Publication . Cardoso, João LuísRegarding the "crozier" collected at the beginning of the 20th century in Lapa da Galinha (Alcanena) which, due to its unique morphology, was valued by Manuel Heleno in the perspective of such similar pieces symbolically representing the polished stone axe, this and other alternatives are discussed, making comparisons with the known specimens, object of recent inventory work carried out by the author. It was concluded that the geographical distribution of these pieces is limited almost exclusively to the Portuguese territory and, especially, to Alto-Alentejo region, associated with the funerary megalithic monuments that exists there. Four distinct groups were identified and characterized, based on the typology of the decorative patterns and their organization. With the exception of the few specimens from the Atlantic domain, with particularities that are identified and described in this paper, the rest of the specimens are almost exclusively decorated on one side, which corresponds to the orientation of the "head" of the "crozier" to the left. This regularity was for the first time duly valued within the scope of the functional use of the prototypes, represented by these votive productions.
- Primeiro diagnóstico sobre implementação da Sustentabilidade nas Instituições de Ensino Superior: análise dos resultados de um inquéritoPublication . Madeira, Ana Carla; Disterheft, Antje; Teixeira, Margarida Ribau; Caeiro, Sandra
- As necrópoles da Antiguidade Tardia na região de Cascais e OeirasPublication . Cardoso, Guilherme; Cardoso, João LuísA partir do Baixo-Império, cessa a prática habitual da cremação nos rituais funerários romanos, passando estes a efetuarem-se comummente através de inumações em covacho, ou em sepulturas estruturadas por pedras, fenómeno observado e analisado, na área do ager da zona a poente de Olisipo.
- João Mendes Rosa. In MemoriamPublication . Xavier, Jorge Barreto; Cardoso, João LuísJoão Manuel Neves Mendes Rosa nasceu na Guarda, freguesia da Sé, a 14 de Fevereiro de 1968. Faleceu em Oeiras a 7 de Dezembro de 2021. Foi ensaísta, ficcionista, poeta, historiador, museólogo, arqueólogo, dramaturgo e artista plástico.
- Mathematical investigations of a kinetic model for glycerol hydrogenolysis via heterogeneous catalysisPublication . Costa, Fernando Pestana da; Ndlovu, Thandokuhle Quinton; Shozi, MzamoIn this paper we report on some mathematical investigations of the chemical process for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol over a heterogeneous metal catalyst. The main interest of this process is related to the fact that glycerol is produced as a by-product in the production of biodiesel in huge amounts that are expected to exceed the projected demands. This makes the sustainability of biodiesel production depend on the conversion of the glycerol into useful products hence it is a desirable goal to have effective conversion methods. A reaction model from literature is used to derive a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) which is then analysed using methods from qualitative analysis of ODEs. Numerical solutions of the system are simulated to try and find out the solution’s behaviour in the chemistry point of view. It was found that all solutions of the model converge to some stable limit point in a 2-dimensional plane in the positive cone of the R5 phase space, and the limit point depends on the values of rate constants ki as well as on the hydrogen to glycerol initial ratios. Even though the results are based on a specific kinetic model, it is hoped that they may help in providing tools for better understanding and description of the reaction.
- Projeto de Mediadores Municipais e Interculturais: relatório de avaliação finalPublication . Magano, Olga; Mendes, Maria Manuela
- Les poteries campaniformes de la fortification chalcolihique de Leceia (Oeiras, Portugal): étude pétrographique, analyse des provenances et degraissantsPublication . Convertini, Fabien; Cardoso, João LuísLeceia is a large fortified chalcolithic site located west of Lisbon, in the municipality of Oeiras. It was excavated from 1983 to 2002 by J. L. Cardoso. The excavation revealed the existence of a Bell Beaker occupation with two huts located outside the fortification and with na occupation inside the walled area. Twenty-five Bell Beaker vases were subjected to thin section analysis. Of these, half come from the oldest domestic FM unit, two from the newer EN hut and the others come from inside the fortification. The results of the analyses indicate the exploitation of a large number of clays that can be grouped into two main families: clays of plutonic origin and clays of sedimentary origin. The distances from the places of exploitation range from a few kilometers to several tens of kilometers, which indicates the circulation of people over a vast geographical area. The series does not show any difference from a chronological point of view, nor from the typology of the ceramics. Finally, one third of the pastes contain grog, a classic temper for Bell Beaker ceramics in Western Europe.