Ciências e Tecnologia | Comunicações em congressos, conferências, seminários/Communications in congresses, conferences, seminars
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Browsing Ciências e Tecnologia | Comunicações em congressos, conferências, seminários/Communications in congresses, conferences, seminars by Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) "03:Saúde de Qualidade"
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- A gestão dos resíduos urbanos no município de Teresópolis: uma avaliação socioambientalPublication . Gomes, Natalia; Carapeto, CristinaEm 1987, o Relatório Brundtland apontou a necessidade de promover o crescimento sustentável, uma vez que a escalada populacional e industrial estavam causando enormes desafios ao meio ambiente. A geração de resíduos excedentes no Brasil é reflexo de uma política de alto consumo que esgota os recursos não renováveis, causando desequilíbrios ambientais e problemas associados ao descarte inadequado de resíduos urbanos. Por isso, a busca por soluções adequadas para o tratamento e disposição final dos resíduos é alvo das políticas setoriais no Brasil e no mundo. Em Teresópolis, o Aterro Sanitário da Prata é o local de disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Devido às condições precárias e ao mau funcionamento, o Aterro acaba sendo um lixão e, consequentemente, não corresponde à Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, gerando impactos sociais e ambientais. A identificação dos custos socioambientais da gestão do aterro sanitário de Teresópolis e a busca de possíveis soluções para solucionar ou melhorar a situação sanitária atual foram identificadas com uma investigação exploratória e dados de levantamentos juntamente com pesquisa documental e visitas ao local.
- Stochastic response surface methodology: a study in the human health areaPublication . Oliveira, Teresa; Leal, Maria da Conceição Dias; Oliveira, AmilcarIn this paper we review Stochastic Response Surface Methodology as a tool for modeling uncertainty in the context of Risk Analysis. An application in the survival analysis in the breast cancer context is implemented with R software.
- Using R in experimental design with BIBD: an application in health sciencesPublication . Oliveira, Teresa; Francisco, Carla; Oliveira, Amilcar; Ferreira, AgostinhoConsidering the implementation of an Experimental Design, in any field, the experimenter must pay particular attention and look for the best strategies in the following steps: planning the design selection, conduct the experiments, collect observed data, proceed to analysis and interpretation of results. The focus is on providing both - a deep understanding of the problem under research and a powerful experimental process at a reduced cost. Mainly thanks to the possibility of allowing to separate variation sources, the importance of Experimental Design in Health Sciences is strongly recommended since long time. Particular attention has been devoted to Block Designs and more precisely to Balanced Incomplete Block Designs - in this case the relevance states from the fact that these designs allow testing simultaneously a number of treatments bigger than the block size. Our example refers to a possible study of inter reliability of the Parkinson disease, taking into account the UPDRS (Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale) in order to test if there are significant differences between the specialists who evaluate the patients performances. Statistical studies on this disease were described for example in Richards et al (1994), where the authors investigate the inter-rater Reliability of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Examination. We consider a simulation of a practical situation in which the patients were observed by different specialists and the UPDRS on assessing the impact of Parkinson’s disease in patients was observed. Assigning treatments to the subjects following a particular BIBD(9,24,8,3,2) structure, we illustrate that BIB Designs can be used as a powerful tool to solve emerging problems in this area. Once a structure with repeated blocks allows to have some block contrasts with minimum variance, see Oliveira et al. (2006), the design with cardinality 12 was selected for the example. R software was used for computations.